Ilham, Nugroho and Ridzki, Ramadhan (2015) Studi proses pemisahan bitumen dari asbuton menggunakan media air panas dengan penambahan solar dan surfaktan Sodium Lignosulfonat (SLS). Diploma thesis, Institut Teknology Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Indonesia memiliki deposit aspal alam di Pulau Buton, Sulawesi Tenggara, yaitu Asbuton. Asbuton dalam keadaan aslinya terdiri dari bitumen sekitar 30% dan mineral sekitar 70%. Telah banyak penelitan yang dilakukan untuk memisahkan bitumen yang terkandung dalam aspal alam, salah satunya menggunakan hot water process. Asbuton mengandung banyak CaCO3, sehingga membutuhkan treatment khusus dalam proses pemisahan bitumen yang terkandung di dalamnya. Fokus dari penelitian ini adalah pemisahan bitumen dari Asbuton menggunakan media air panas serta mempelajari pengaruh penambahan solar sebagai penetrating agent dan surfaktan sebagai wetting agent terhadap persen (%) recovery bitumen. Dalam penelitian ini, proses pemisahan bitumen dilakukan pada alat utama, yaitu tangki berpengaduk dengan diameter 10.8 cm dan tinggi 20 cm yang dioperasikan secara batch. Tangki ini dilengkapi dengan pengaduk berupa disc turbine dan baffle. Variabel penambahan solar yaitu 40%; 50%; 60% (% massa terhadap campuran asbuton-solar), variabel konsentrasi surfaktan yaitu 0.5%; 0.75%; 1% (% massa) variabel penambahan surfaktan yaitu 30%; 35%; 40% (% massa terhadap campuran total). Tahap awal proses pemisahan, yaitu mencampur asbuton dan solar dalam tangki dengan kecepatan putar pengaduk 250 rpm pada suhu 90C selama 15 menit. Kemudian larutan SLS dengan suhu 90 C dimasukkan ke dalam tangki. Campuran diaduk dengan kecepatan putar pengaduk 1500 rpm pada suhu 90C selama 30 menit. Hasil proses ini dimasukkan ke dalam beaker glass, dan didiamkan selama 1 hari. Dari hasil pemisahan, akan terbentuk 3 lapisan. Lapisan atas adalah campuran bitumen-solar, lapisan tengah adalah mineral-air, dan lapisan bawah adalah mineral dan sedikit bitumen. Lapisan atas diambil dan dilakukan analisa densitas untuk mengetahui konsentrasi dan persen (%) recovery bitumen. Dari data percobaan dapat disimpulkan bahwa persen (%) recovery tertinggi diperoleh pada penambahan solar 60%, konsentrasi larutan surfaktan 0.5%, dan penambahan larutan surfaktan 30% yaitu 86.08%. Penambahan solar berbanding lurus terhadap (persen) % recovery, sementara penambahan larutan surfaktan berbanding terbalik dengan % recovery. Sementara itu, persen (%) recovery mengalami penurunan dengan memperbesar konsentrasi surfaktan pada variabel ratio asbuton : solar = 3 : 2 dan pada variabel ratio asbuton : solar = 2 : 3 dan pada variabel asbuton solar 1:1, % recovery optimum pada konsentrasi surfaktan SLS 0.75%.
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Indonesia has the natural asphalt deposits on the Buton Island, Southeast Sulawasi, named Asbuton. Asbuton contains approximately 30% of bitumen and 70% of mineral. Many researches had been done to separate the bitumen contained in the natural asphalt, one of them used hot water process. Asbuton contains a lot of CaCO3, so it was required special treatment in the process of separating bitumen. The focus of this research was the separation of bitumen from Asbuton using hot water media, and to study the effect of diesel fuel addition as a penetrating agent and surfactants as wetting agent to the percent (%) recovery of bitumen. In this study, bitumen separation process was performed in the strirred tank with diameter of 10.8 cm and height of 20 cm, operated batch. The tank was installed with disc turbine impeller and baffles. Variable of diesel fuel addition were 40%; 50%; 60% (% mass of the asbuton-diesel fuel mixture), variable of surfactant concentration were 0.5%; 0.75%; 1% (% massa), variable of surfactant addition were 30%; 35%; 40% (mass% of total mixture). Firstly, separation process was carried out by mixing asbuton and diesel fuel in the stirred tank on 250 rpm at 90C for 15 minutes. Then, it was added by SLS solution at 90C. The mixture was stirred on 1500 rpm at 90C for 30 minutes. The result of this process was moved into beaker glass and it was settled for a day. After that, it would form three layers. The top layer was a mixture of bitumen-diesel fuel, the middle layer was a mineral-water, and the bottom layer was mineral and a bit of bitumen. The density of top layer was analyzed to determine the concentration and percent (%) recovery of bitumen. From the experimental data, it could be concluded that the highest percent (%) recovery was obtained on addition of 60% diesel fuel, surfactant concentration 0.5%, and addition of 30% surfactant. The result was 86.08%. Then, the greater of diesel fuel oil affect the increasing of pecent (%) recovery. Meanwhile the greater of surfactant solution affect the decreasing of percent (%) recovery. Then, the effect of surfactant concentration is different in some variabels. In variable mass ratio asbuton : diesel fuel = 2 : 3 and variable mass ratio asbuton : diesel fuel = 3 : 2, the greater of surfactant concentration affect the decreasing of percent (%) recovery. But in variable mass ratio asbuton : diesel fuel = 1 : 1, the optimum percent (%) recovery is at surfactant concentration 0.75%.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Diploma) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSK 660.284 2 Nug s |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | asbuton; bitumen; solar; air panas; surfaktan; penetrating agent; wetting agent |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD502 Chemical kinetics |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | - Taufiq Rahmanu |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Oct 2019 03:06 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Oct 2019 03:06 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/70943 |
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