Siregar, Inike Lamria (2015) Pemanfaatan Eceng Gondok dan Jerami Padi sebagai Bahan Baku Bioetanol. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknology Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Eceng gondok dan jerami padi merupakan biomassa
yang jumlahnya melimpah di alam dan dapat berdampak negatif
bagi lingkungan. Eceng gondok dapat menurunkan kualitas
perairan, sedangkan jerami padi sebagian besar menjadi limbah
pertanian dan dibakar. Namun, eceng gondok dan jerami padi
mengandung lignoselulosa yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai
bahan baku bioetanol. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk
mengetahui potensi campuran eceng gondok dan jerami padi
dalam pembuatan bioetanol, serta menentukan kadar bioetanol
optimum yang dapat dihasilkan.
Proses pembuatan bioetanol terdiri atas beberapa tahap,
yaitu pretreatment, hidrolisis dan fermentasi. Eceng gondok dan
jerami padi dicampur dengan perbandingan 100:0, 75:25, 50:50,
25:75, dan 0:100 hingga berat total 100 g. Metode hidrolisis yang
digunakan adalah hidrolisis enzimatik menggunakan jamur
Trichoderma viride dan Aspergillus niger. Pada proses fermentasi
digunakan ragi Saccharomyces cerevisiae dan dilakukan variasi
penambahan sebanyak 50 mL dan 100 mL. Pengukuran sampel
fermentasi dilakukan setelah 48, 72, dan 96 jam.
Pemanfaatan campuran eceng gondok dan jerami padi
berpotensi rendah sebagai bahan baku bioetanol karena
menghasilkan kandungan gula reduksi dan etanol yang tergolong
rendah. Hasil etanol tertinggi terdapat pada campuran 75:25,
yaitu sebesar 3,50 mg/g dengan penambahan 100 mL S.
cerevisiae selama 96 jam fermentasi.
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Water hyacinth and rice straw are biomass which is
numerous in nature and may cause negative impacts on the
environment. Water hyacinth can degrade water quality, while
most of the rice straw become agricultural waste and burned.
However, water hyacinth and rice straw containing lignocellulose
which can be used as raw material for bioethanol. The purpose of
this study are to determine the potential mixture of water hyacinth
and rice straw into bioethanol production, also determining the
optimum concentration of ethanol production.
Bioethanol production process consists of several stages,
which are pretreatment, hydrolysis and fermentation. At the
pretreatment process, water hyacinth and rice straw combined
with ratio 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100 with a total weight
100 g. Enzymatic hydrolysis uses Trichoderma viride and
Aspergillus niger. In the fermentation process uses
Saccharomyces cerevisiae with addition variations of 50 mL and
100 mL. Fermentation sample measurement is done after 48, 72,
and 96 hours.
The utilization of a mixture of water hyacinth and rice
straw have a low potential as raw material for bioethanol because
it produces low reducing sugar and ethanol. The highest ethanol
yields contained in the 75:25 mixture, which amounted to 3,50
mg/g with 100 mL addition of S. cerevisiae for 96 hours.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | bioetanol, eceng gondok, jerami padi. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD195.B56 Biomass energy |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Environmental, and Geo Engineering > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Theses |
| Depositing User: | Mr. Tondo Indra Nyata |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Oct 2019 01:44 |
| Last Modified: | 14 Oct 2019 01:44 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/71143 |
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