Wahyu R. J., Putri Ika (2015) Pengaruh Sulphate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) pada Korosi Baja Karbon Rendah JIS G3101 Grade SS400 di Media Crude Oil Aerob dan Anaerob. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknology Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Microbiological Influenced Corrosion (MIC) adalah
peristiwa korosi yang diperparah oleh aktivitas mikroorganisme.
Mikroorganisme melakukan metabolisme menghasilkan zat sisa
pembuangan yang membuat lingkungan menjadi korosif. Salah
satu lingkungan yang mengandung mikroorganisme adalah crude
oil, dimana terdapat bakteri anaerob Sulphate Reducing Bacteria
(SRB) di dalamnya. SRB merupakan salah satu penyebab MIC
paling besar di industri minyak dan gas, dimana sebagian besar
komponen yang digunakan adalah logam. Sehingga perlu
dilakukan penelitian untuk mempelajari pengaruh jumlah SRB
pada korosi baja karbon rendah di media crude oil aerob dan
anaerob.
Pada penelitian ini, spesimen yang digunakan adalah
baja karbon rendah JIS G3101 SS400. Dimensi spesimen adalah
20 mm x 20 mm x 4 mm. Bakteri yang digunakan adalah Sulphate
Reducing Bacteria dengan genus Desulvofibrio desulfuricans.
Sebelum pengkondisian, dilakukan pengembangbiakan pada
bakteri. Pada crude oil, dilakukan uji kandungan sulfur untuk
mengetahui kadar sulfur di dalam crude oil serta pengukuran pH
dan perhitungan jumlah bakteri pada masing-masing media.
Selanjutnya, dilakukan pengkondisian pada media crude oil (60
ml) pada lingkungan aerob dan anaerob selama 30 hari dan 60
hari. Pengkondisian anaerob pada 50 ml crude oil yang
ditambahkan 10 ml SRB dan 30 ml crude oil yang ditambahkan
30 ml SRB, serta media aerobpada 30 ml crude oil yang
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ditambahkan 30 ml SRB dilakukan pada 4 rentangwaktu, yaitu 15
hari, 30 hari, 45 hari, dan 60 hari. Secaraperiodik,setelah 15 hari
pengkondisian dilakukan pengamatan yang meliputi pengamatan
visual spesimen, pengamatan penampang melintang spesimen, uji
senyawa produk korosi di lapisan permukaaan logam, serta
perhitungan jumlah bakteri di permukaan spesimen.
Aktivitas metabolisme SRB pada crude oil mengakibatkan
kerusakan pada logam, berupa adanya perubahan warna pada
permukaan spesimen disertai kemunculan korosi sumuran. Pada
crude oil tanpa penambahan SRB, korosi yang terjadi semakin
parah pada waktu pengkondisian yang semakin lama.
Lingkungan anaerob pada crude oil memperparah korosi yang
terjadi. Pada waktu pengkondisian yang sama, komposisi produk
korosi yang dihasilkan di media crude oil sama. Perbedaan
waktu pengkondisian menghasilkan komposisi produk korosi
yang berbeda. Pada waktu pengkondisian yang sama, semakin
banyak SRB yang ditambahkan pada media crude oil, maka
semakin banyak bakteri yang tumbuh di permukaan spesimen.
Dengan semakin banyak SRB yang hadir, kerusakan yang
terjadi di permukaan spesimen semakin parah, korosi sumuran
yang muncul semakin banyak dan semakin dalam. Perbedaan
jumlah SRB pada media menghasilkan komposisi produk korosi
yang berbeda. Spesimen yang dikondisikan di lingkungan
anaerob mengalami kerusakan yang lebih parah dari lingkungan
aerob. Hal ini terjadi karena SRB lebih cepat tumbuh dan
berkembang di lingkung ananaerob dari lingkungan aerob
karena SRB merupakan bakteri anaerob fakultatif, yaitu bakteri
yang dapat tumbuh dan berkembang secara optimal di
lingkungan anaerob. Korosi sumuran lebih cepat tumbuh pada
permukaan atas dibandingkan permukaan bawah spesimen,
karena memiliki arah yang sama dengan gravitasi.
=====================================================================================================
Microbiological Influenced Corrosion (MIC) is a
corrosion that exacerbated by the activity of microorganisms.
Metabolizing microorganisms produce residual substances that
make a corrosive environment. One of the environments
containing microorganisms is crude oil, which is anaerobic
Sulphate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) in it. SRB is one of the biggest
causes of MIC in the oil and gas industry that most of the
components used are metal. It is necessary to investigate the
effect of SRB on corrosion of low carbon steel in aerobic and
anaerobic crude oil media.
Specimens used for this research are low carbon steel JIS
G3101 SS400 grade. Specimen dimensions are 20 mm x 20 mm x
4 mm. The bacteria used is Sulphate Reducing Bacteria in the
genus of Desulvofibrio desulfuricans. Before conditioning,
proliferation of bacteria was done. For crude oil, sulfur content
test to determine levels of sulfur in the crude oil was done, also
pH measurement and calculation of the initial bacterial in each
media was done. Furthermore, conditioning of crude oil(60 ml) in
anaerobic and aerobic environment was done for 30 days and 60
days.Anaerob conditioning of 10 ml SRB added in 10 ml crude
oiland 30 ml SRB added in 30 ml crude oil also aerobic media
with the addition of 30 ml SRB to 30 ml crude oilwas done at 4
range of time, which is 15 days, 30 days, 45 days, and 60 days.
Periodically, after 15 days of conditioning, observations was
done including visual observation of specimens, number of pitting
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corrosion observation, observation of the specimens cross
section, test compound of corrosion products on the metal surface
layer, and the calculation of the bacteria number in the specimens
surface.
SRB metabolic activity in crude oil conduce damage in
the metal, that known by discoloration on the surface of the
specimen with the presence of pitting corrosion. For crude oil
without additional SRB, corrosion more severe for the longer
conditioning time. Anaerob environment for crude oil make
corrosion more severe. In the same conditioning time,
composition of corrosion product are same. Differences
conditioning time produce different composition of specimens
corrosion product. In the same conditioning time, more
additional of SRB into the crude oil, result more growing bacteria
on the specimen surface. More SRB present, the damage on the
surface of the specimen more severe, number of pitting corrosion
increase and the depth of pitting deeper. Differences ammount of
SRB in the media produce different composition of corrosion
products. Aerobic and anaerobic environmental of crude oil
produce the same composition of corrosion product at the same
conditioning time. Differences conditioning time produce
different composition of specimens corrosion product. Specimens
conditioned in anaerobic environment has more severe damage.
It is because SRB grow and develop faster in the anaerobic
environment than aerobic environment because SRB of the
Desulfovibrio desulfuricans genus is a facultative anaerobic
bacteria, that is grow and develop optimally in the anaerobic
environment. Pitting corrosion grow faster on the top surface
than the bottom surface of the specimen because it has same
direction with gravitation.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSM 620.112 23 Juw p |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Microbiological Influenced Corrosion, Sulphate Reducing Bacteria, crude oil, aerob, anaerob. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA418.75 Corrosion-resistant materials T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA455 Carbon. Nanotubes. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Mr. Tondo Indra Nyata |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Dec 2019 02:50 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Dec 2019 02:50 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/72134 |
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