Simulasi Skenario Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air Terpadu Daerah Aliran Sungai Unda dengan Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP)

Jayantari, Made Widya (2020) Simulasi Skenario Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air Terpadu Daerah Aliran Sungai Unda dengan Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Daerah Aliran Sungai Unda merupakan salah satu DAS potensial di Provinsi Bali yang direncanakan akan dimanfaatkan untuk membantu pemenuhan air baku dan irigasi di Karangasem dan Klungkung yang mengalami krisis air. Untuk mengoptimalkan pengunaan potensi sumber daya air yang ada di DAS Unda dan mengurangi resiko-resiko yang terjadi akibat pemanfaatan air DAS Unda berdasarkan kondisi eksistingnya maka perlu suatu strategi pengelolaan sumber daya air di DAS Unda yang terpadu agar potensi air yang tersedia dapat berkelanjutan. Perencanaan pengelolaan sumber daya air yang terpadu dan berkelanjutan sangat kompleks dalam pelaksanaannya karena bersifat multisektoral. Untuk memudahkan dalam perencanaan pengelolaan sumber daya air dapat dilakukan dengan membuat suatu model satunya adalah WEAP. Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) merupakan model Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) yang memungkinkan untuk analisis berbagai skenario perubahan keadaan supply dan demand dari suatu sumber air. Data yang diperlukan dalam penelitian ini berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer berupa survey keadaan eksisting untuk pengambilan asumsi-asumsi dalam pembuatan model, sedangkan data sekunder berupa jumlah penduduk, luas lahan irigasi, jumlah ternak, data klimatologi, data debit, serta peta GIS Unda yang didapat dari instansi terkait. Ada tiga variasi skenario pengelolaan sumber daya air yang disimulasikan yaitu peningkatan efisiensi irigasi, perubahan periode pola tanam dan penghematan air non pertanian. Hasil kalibrasi dan validasi model alokasi air dengan menggunakan WEAP didapat nilai R berkisar antara 0,7-1,0 dengan nilai Nash Sutcliffe model Efficiency coefficient pada saat kalibrasi dan validasi berkisar 0,36 – 0,75 yang menunjukan model sudah memuaskan dan disimpulkan sudah cukup layak dan dapat diasumsikan hasil model sudah cukup mendekati keadaan dilapangan dan dapat dilanjutkan digunakan dalam simulasi skenario. Berdasarkan simulasi current account didapatkan hasil nilai kekurangan air (unmet demand) di tiap kecamatan dari tahun ke tahun semakin meningkat, dimana rata-rata kekurangan air pada tahun 2012 sebesar 0,41 juta m3 pertahun dan meningkat menjadi 5,63 juta m3 pada tahun 2032. Sedangkan untuk daerah irigasi peningkatan nilai kekurangan air irigasi pada tahun 2012 sebesar 0,19 juta m3 pertahun dan meningkat menjadi 1,38 juta m3 pada tahun 2032. Hasil simulasi menunjukan peningkatan efisiensi irigasi cukup signifikan dalam mengurangi unmet demand utamanya di daerah irigasi. Sedangkan untuk perubahan periode tata tanam terhadap daerah irigasi DAS Unda tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan. Untuk adanya penghematan air sebesar 10% pada kebutuhan air non pertanian sangat signifikan mengurangi kekurangan air yang terjadi di DAS Unda rata-rata selama 20 tahun sebesar 30,4%.
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The Unda River Basin is one of the potential watersheds in Bali Province which is planned to be utilized to help fulfill raw water and irrigation in Karangasem and Klungkung which are experiencing water crisis. To optimize the use of the potential of water resources in the Unda watershed and reduce the risks arising from the use of Unda watershed based on the existing conditions, it is necessary to have an integrated water resources management strategy in the Unda watershed so that the potential of the available water can be sustainable. Integrated and sustainable water resources management planning is very complex in its implementation because it is multisectoral in nature. To facilitate the planning of water resources management, one model is WEAP. Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) is an Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) model that allows for analysis of various scenarios of changing supply and demand conditions of a water source. Data needed in this study are primary data and secondary data. Primary data in the form of an existing state survey for making assumptions in making models, while secondary data in the form of population, irrigated land area, number of livestock, climatology data, discharge data, and Unda GIS maps obtained from relevant agencies. There are three variations of simulated water resources management scenarios, namely improving irrigation efficiency, changing the period of cropping patterns and demand site management in saving non-agricultural water. The results of the calibration and validation of the water allocation model using WEAP for the Unda watershed obtained R values ranging from 0,7-1,0 with the Nash Sutcliffe value of the Efficiency coefficient at the time of calibration and validation ranging from 0,36 to 0,75 which showed the model was satisfactory and concluded that it was feasible enough and could be assumed the model results are close enough to the obseravation conditions and can be continued to be used in scenario simulations. Based on the current account simulation, the result of unmet demand in each district increased from year to year, where the average water shortage in 2012 was 0,41 million m3 per year and increased to 5,63 million m3 in 2032. Whereas in the regions irrigation increased the value of irrigation water shortages in 2012 amounted to 0.19 million m3 per year and increased to 1,38 million m3 in 2032. The simulation results showed an increase in irrigation efficiency significantly in reducing unmet demand, especially in irrigation areas, while changes in the planting period of the Unda watershed irrigation area does not have a significant influence. For a demand dite management of 10% on non-agricultural demand site, it is very significant to reduce water shortages that occur in the Unda watershed for an average of 20 years about 30,4%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Additional Information:	RTS 627.52 Jay s-1 2020 3100020084947
Uncontrolled Keywords:	pengelolaan sumber daya air berkelanjutan, WEAP, simulasi
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.62 Simulation T Technology > T Technology (General) > T58.62 Decision support systems T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Civil Engineering > 22201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Made Widya Jayantari
Date Deposited:	05 Nov 2025 12:06
Last Modified:	05 Nov 2025 12:06
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/72730

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