Aabidah, Triadna Febriani (2020) Bioleaching Aluminium dari Limbah Lumpur Pengolahan Air Minum menggunakan Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans dan Pseudomonas fluorescens. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Pengolahan air minum menggunakan aluminium sulfat dalam proses koagulasi menghasilkan lumpur alum dalam jumlah besar. Lumpur alum tersebut mengandung kadar aluminium yang tinggi. Aluminium dalam lumpur alum berpotensi menyebabkan efek merusak bagi lingkungan. Bakteri dapat digunakan untuk menghilangkan aluminium melalui bioleaching. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan karakteristik fisik-kimia dan toksisitas lumpur alum, menentukan pengaruh jenis bakteri dan komposisi media pada proses bioleaching, dan menentukan pengaruh bakteri indigenous lumpur alum terhadap kemampuan bioleaching. Sampel lumpur alum berasal dari unit clearator IPAM Karangpilang PDAM Surabaya. Karakteristik fisik-kimia lumpur alum yang dianalisis adalah pH, total solids (TS), total suspended solids (TSS), alkalinitas, logam, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), nitrogen (N), dan fosfor (P). Uji toksisitas lumpur alum terhadap bakteri uji dengan menggunakan metode disc diffusion dan broth dilution. Bioleaching dilakukan selama 15 hari dalam sistem batch menggunakan reaktor dengan kapasitas 500 mL. Variasi yang digunakan pada tahap pertama bioleaching adalah jenis bakteri (Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans dan Pseudomonas fluorescens) dan komposisi lumpur alum dan media tumbuh bakteri (50/50; 75/25; 87,5/12,5; dan 100/0 (v/v)). Hasil optimum dari tahap pertama digunakan pada penelitian tahap kedua bioleaching dengan variasi media lumpur steril dan lumpur tanpa sterilisasi untuk mengetahui pengaruh bakteri indigenous. Nilai pH dan aluminium terlarut diukur setiap 3 hari selama proses bioleaching. Karakteristik fisik-kimia lumpur alum dari IPAM Karangpilang Surabaya mengandung aluminium tinggi (5.900 mg/L). Uji toksisitas menunjukkan bahwa lumpur alum tidak bersifat toksik pada bakteri P. fluorescens pada seluruh komposisi lumpur alum dan media tumbuh bakteri. Sedangkan pertumbuhan bakteri A. ferrooxidans mulai terhambat pada komposisi lumpur alum dan media tumbuh bakteri 87,5/12,5 dan 100/0 (v/v). Bakteri A. ferrooxidans mampu melarutkan aluminium tertinggi sebesar 340,70 mg/L (42,77%). Sedangkan bakteri P. fluorescens hanya mampu melarutkan aluminium tertinggi sebesar 8,14 mg/L (1,02 %). Kedua bakteri dapat melarutkan aluminium tertinggi pada komposisi lumpur alum dan media tumbuh bakteri 50/50 (v/v). Bakteri indigenous pada media 9K dalam lumpur alum dapat meningkatkan kelarutan aluminium pada proses bioleaching. Efisiensi bioleaching aluminium dengan A. ferrooxidans dan bakteri indigenous sebesar 399,67 mg/L (50,18%).
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Drinking water treatment uses aluminum sulfate in coagulation process, which generates large amount of alum sludge. The sludge potentially causes detrimental effect to the environment. Bacteria can be used for removing aluminum and other metals through bioleaching. This research aimed to determine the physical-chemical characteristics and toxicity of the alum sludge; to determine the bioleaching performances of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Pseudomonas fluorescens in varied sludge concentrations; and to determine the influence of indigenous bacteria in alum sludge on the aluminum bioleaching process. The alum sludge samples were collected from clearator unit at Karangpilang water treatment plant in Surabaya City, Indonesia. The alum sludge was characterized according to pH, metals, COD, BOD, phosphate, and nitrogen concentrations. Toxicity test of the alum sludge was performed on both tested bacteria. The bioleaching was carried out for 15 days in batch system using reactors of 500 mL capacity. Varied sludge and bacterial medium compositions of: 100/0, 87.5/12.5, 75/25, 50/50 v/v were used during the experiment. The best type of bacteria and composition of sludge and bacterial medium used in second phase of bioleaching research with variations of sterile sludge medium and unsterile sludge medium to find out the influence of indigenous bacteria in alum sludge.
The results showed that the alum sludge had high concentrations of aluminum (5,900 mg/L). Toxicity tests showed that alum sludge was not toxic to P. fluorescens bacteria in every sludge concentrations. The growth of A. ferrooxidans began to be inhibited in alum sludge concentration of 87.5% and 100%. Bioleaching test results obtained that A. ferrooxidans was able to dissolve the highest aluminum until 340.70 mg/L (42.77%). P. fluorescens was only able to dissolve the highest aluminum until 8.14 mg/L (1.02%). Indigenous bacteria on 9K medium in alum sludge could increase aluminum extraction in bioleaching process. The efficiency of aluminum bioleaching with A. ferrooxidans and indigenous bacteria was 50.18% (399.67 mg/L).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RTL 628.162 Aab b-1 2020 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Aluminium, bioleaching, lumpur alum, recovery koagulan alum |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD767.7 Sewage sludge treatment and disposal |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Triadna Febriani Aabidah |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Apr 2024 08:35 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Apr 2024 08:35 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/73292 |
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