Darmawan, Aria (2020) Studi Pembuatan Pulp Dari Bahan Non-Wood Menggunakan Metode Kraft Pulping Dengan Delignifikasi Oksigen. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Kraft pulping dan delignifikasi oksigen merupakan proses pengolahan bahan wood dan non-wood menjadi pulp yang menghasilkan pulp dengan kadar lignin yang rendah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari proses delignifikasi oksigen pada kayu Eucalyptus pellita, serat pisang abaka (Musa textilis), dan batang singkong gajah (Manihot esculenta Crant) pada kraft pulping terhadap kualitas pulp (kappa number, viskositas, dan kecerahan) dan limbah cair. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua tahap. Tahap pertama diawali dengan membuat pulp menggunakan metode kraft pulping, chip dan serat dimasukkan digester dan ditambahkan white liquor yang berperan untuk memisahkan dan melarutkan lignin yang terikat bersama serat-serat dan kayu. Tahap kedua adalah dilakukan penurunan kappa number dan lignin dengan proses delignifikasi oksigen. Proses oksigen delignifikasi ini dilakukan dalam reaktor batch dimana digunakan alkali charge dengan suhu operasi 85oC, Waktu reaksi adalah 20, 40, 60, 80 dan 100 menit. Pulp yang dihasilkan dari kraft pulping dan delignifikasi oksigen dilakukan uji karakteristik. Uji karakteristik meliputi kappa number, viskositas dan kecerahan. Air pada proses pencucian kemudian dianalisa dengan Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) dan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). Kondisi terbaik pada penelitian ini didasarkan pada penurunan kappa number ≤ 50% dan viskositas sesuai standar ≥ 816 mL/g. Untuk Eucalyptus pellita terbaik pada waktu reaksi 40 menit dengan kappa number akhir 8,62. Untuk Manihot esculenta Crantz terbaik pada waktu reaksi 100 menit dengan kappa number akhir 16,49 dan Musa textilis terbaik pada waktu reaksi 60 menit dengan kappa number akhir 6,24.
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Kraft pulping and oxygen delignification are the processes of processing wood and non-wood material into pulp which produces pulp with low lignin content. The purpose of this study was to learn the oxygen delignification process in Eucalyptus pellita wood, abaca banana fiber (Musa textilis), and elephant cassava stems (Manihot esculenta Crant) in the kraft pulping on pulp quality (kappa number, viscosity, and brightness) and liquid waste. This research consists of two stages. The first step begins with making pulp using the kraft pulping method, chips and fibers are added to the digester and white liquor is added which acts to separate and dissolve the lignin bound with the fibers and wood. The second step is to reduce the kappa number and lignin by oxygen delignification. This oxygen delignification process is carried out in a batch reactor where an alkali charge is used with an operating temperature of 85oC, the reaction time is 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 minutes. Pulp produced from kraft pulping and oxygen delignification were tested for characteristics. Characteristic tests include kappa number, viscosity and brightness. Water in the washing process is then analyzed with Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). The best conditions in this study were based on a decrease in kappa number ≤ 50% and viscosity according to the standard ≥ 816 mL/g. For Eucalyptus pellita the best reaction time is 40 minutes with the final kappa number 8.62. For the best Manihot esculenta Crantz at the reaction time of 100 minutes with the final kappa number 16.49 and Musa textilis the best at the reaction time of 60 minutes with the final kappa number 6.24. The kinetics of the reaction in the delignification process are obtained by the equation of the lignin reduction rate: −
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RTK 676.1 Dar s-1 2020 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | kraft pulping, delignifikasi oksigen, limbah cair, non-wood |
| Subjects: | S Agriculture > SH Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling > SH177.W64 Wood pulp industry |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Darmawan Aria |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Mar 2024 05:06 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Mar 2024 05:06 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/73600 |
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