Zamara, Rivaldo and Farisha, Silma Kemala (2020) Tugas Akhir Pra Desain Pabrik Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Biogas dari Palm Oil Mill Effluent. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
PT Agro Subur Kencana Indonesia yang berlokasi di Kecamatan Paranggean, Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah merupakan pabrik pengolahan Tandan Buah Segar (TBS) kelapa sawit menjadi Crude Palm Oil (CPO). Dalam proses pengolahan TBS menjadi CPO akan menghasilkan limbah cair atau Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). Jumlah POME yang dihasilkan oleh PT. Tunas Agro Subur Kencana adalah 80 m3/jam. POME yang berasal dari pembuatan CPO dengan bahan baku tandan buah segar kelapa sawit memiliki kandungan padatan sekitar 50.000 mg/L. Limbah POME tidak dapat langsung dibuang ke lingkungan karena banyaknya kandungan senyawa kimia beracun Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) hingga lebih dari 65.000 ppm dan Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) lebih dari 35.000 ppm. Salah satu pengolahan limbah POME adalah dengan memanfaatkan mikroorganisme dalam kondisi anaerob dan menghasilkan biogas kemudian biogas digunakan sebagai pembangkit listrik pada turbin. Berdasarkan permasalahan pabrik kelapa sawit di atas yaitu dari limbah yang dihasilkan limbah POME dari pabrik CPO. Maka didirikanlah Pabrik Terintegrasi Berbasis Kelapa Sawit untuk memanfaatkan limbah yang masih sangat potensial. Namun biogas yang dihasilkan memerlukan metode upgrading yang bertujuan penghilangan karbon dioksida pada biogas menggunakan water scrubber sehingga menjadi biomethane. Proses produksi juga didukung oleh utilitas proses, antara lain kebutuhan air yang digunakan untuk sanitasi, air proses, air pendingin, listrik sebagai sumber tenaga penggerak peralatan proses dan penerangan. Proses pembuatan biogas dari limbah POME ada empat tahap, yaitu tahap pre-treatment, tahap persiapan starter, tahap digester dan tahap pemurnian. Tahap digester dilakukan pada tangki berpengaduk samping. Untuk mendirikan pabrik Pembangkit Listrik dari POME diperlukan total modal investasi sebesar Rp. 282.087.875.438 dengan estimasi hasil penjualan per tahun Rp. 275.159.580.406. Dari perhitunan analisa ekonomi didapat internal rate of return (IRR) sebesar 39,75%, pay out time (POT) 4,6 tahun dan break even point (BEP) sebesar 32,91%. Ditinjau dari aspek teknis dan ekonomis, pabrik biomethane dari POME ini layak untuk dilanjutkan ke tahap perencanaan.
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PT Agro Subur Kencana Indonesia, located in Paranggean Subdistrict, East Kotawaringin Regency, Central Kalimantan Province, is a palm oil processing plant (FFB) to Crude Palm Oil (CPO). In the process of processing FFB into CPO, it will produce liquid waste or Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). The amount of POME produced by PT. Tunas Agro Subur Kencana is 80 m3 / hour. POME, which is derived from the production of CPO with fresh palm fruit bunches, has a solid content of around 50,000 mg / L. POME waste cannot be directly discharged into the environment due to its high chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) content of more than 65,000 ppm and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) of more than 35,000 ppm. One of the POME waste treatment is by utilizing microorganisms in anaerobic conditions and producing biogas then biogas is used as a power plant in the turbine. Based on the above mentioned palm oil mill problems, from the waste produced by POME waste from CPO mills. Then the Palm Oil Based Integrated Plant was established to utilize the waste that is still very potential. However, the biogas produced requires upgrading methods aimed at removing carbon dioxide in biogas using a water scrubber to become biomethane. The production process is also supported by process utilities, including the need for water used for sanitation, process water, cooling water, electricity as a source of power for process equipment and lighting. The process of making biogas from POME waste consists of four stages, namely the pre-treatment stage, the starter preparation stage, the digester stage and the purification stage. The digester stage is carried out in a side stirred tank. To set up a Power Plant plant from POME, a total investment of Rp. 282,087,875,438 with estimated annual sales results of Rp. 275,159,580,406. From the economic analysis calculations, the internal rate of return (IRR) is 39.75%, the pay-out time (POT) is 4.6 years and the break even point (BEP) is 32.91%. In terms of technical and economic aspects, the biomethane plant from POME is feasible to proceed to the planning stage.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSK 665.776 Zam p-1 2020 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Biogas, Biodegester, POME, Listrik |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP359 Biogas |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Silma Kemala Farisha |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Jun 2024 10:32 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Jun 2024 10:32 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/73834 |
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