Allamah, Sayyidatul Isarah (2015) Pengaruh Ukuran Partikel Arang Kayu Sebagai Adsorben Pada Pretreatment Minyak Jelantah Terhadap Karakteristik Biodiesel. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
"Menipisnya persediaan minyak bumi di alam mengakibatkan
peralihan penggunaan bahan bakar minyak bumi ke bahan bakar
alternatif. Biodiesel merupakan bahan bakar alternatif yang dibuat dari
minyak nabati atau lemak hewani. Salah satu bahan yang dapat
digunakan untuk membuat biodiesel adalah minyak jelantah. Kadar
asam lemak bebas (FFA) yang cukup tinggi pada minyak jelantah dapat
mempengaruhi kualitas biodiesel yang dihasilkan, sehingga dilakukan
pretreatment menggunakan arang kayu dan arang kayu aktif dengan
ukuran partikel 100 mesh, 200 mesh, 325 mesh, dan 400 mesh sebanyak
37,5 gram untuk mengurangi kadar FFA. Metode pembuatan biodiesel
yang digunakan adalah transesterifikasi dengan methanol dan KOH.
Pretreatment minyak jelantah dengan adsorben arang kayu aktif 400
mesh berhasil menurunkan kadar FFA minyak jelantah hingga 30,3%.
Semua sampel biodiesel hasil pretreatment memiliki massa jenis, titik
nyala, titik kabut dan titik tuang yang memenuhi standar SNI, tetapi
yang memiliki nilai viskositas kinematik sesuai dengan standar SNI
hanya sampel biodiesel dengan pretreatment arang aktif berukuran 100
mesh dan semua sampel biodiesel dengan pretreatment arang kayu.
Semakin kecil ukuran adsorben yang digunakan dalam pretreatment,
massa jenis sampel biodiesel semakin besar, sedangkan titik nyala, titik
kabut, dan titik tuang biodiesel semakin kecil. Kadar FFA dalam minyak
jelantah sebagai bahan baku biodiesel tidak mempengaruhi kualitas
biodiesel yang dihasilkan.
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"Lesser supply of petroleum fuel has switched petroleum fuel
consumption to alternative fuel. Biodiesel is alternative fuel made from
vegetable oil or animal fat. One of the materials that can be used to
make biodiesel is waste cooking oil (WCO). The level of free fatty acid
(FFA) on WCO is high enough to affect the quality of biodiesel, therefor
a pretreatment is needed. One way to decrease the FFA level is by using
pretreatment trough un-activated and activated wood charcoal. The
particle size of wood charcoal adsorbent were 100, 200, 325, and 400
mesh having mass of 37.5 gram. The method to make biodiesel fuel was
transesterification with methanol and KOH. Pretreatment of WCO by
activated wood charcoal of 400 mesh decreases FFA level up to 30.3%
successfully. All of the biodiesel samples after pretreatment have
specific mass, flash point, cloud point and pour point that fulfill the SNI
standard, however samples with activated wood charcoal of 200, 325,
and 400 mesh were fail to satisfy the SNI standard of kinematic
viscosity. Smaller adsorbent on pretreatment process would increase
the specific mass of biodiesel, on the other hand it would decrease the
flash point, cloud point, and pour point. The level of FFA in WCO as
raw materials of biodiesel does not affect the quality of biodiesel. "
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSF 662.88 All p |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Biodiesel, transesterifikasi, FFA, adsorbent, massa jenis, viskositas kinematik, titik nyala, titik kabut, dan titik tuang. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP343 Liquid and gaseous fuel |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Physics Engineering > 30201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Yeni Anita Gonti |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Mar 2020 09:08 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Mar 2020 09:08 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/75521 |
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