Al-Muttaqi, Muhammad i (2016) Rekayasa Katalis Co-Ni/HZMS-5 Untuk Memproduksi Biofuel Dari Minyak Kemiri Sunan. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Proses hydrocracking minyak nabati merupakan salah satu proses yang sangat penting untuk menghasilkan bahan bakar alternatif (biofuel). Minyak kemiri sunan dipilih karena merupakan salah satu komoditas tanaman penghasil minyak nabati non edibel yang prospektif. Fakta ini sangat mendukung sepenuhnya konversi minyak kemiri sunan menjadi biofuel melalui proses hydrocracking. Penelitian ini menggunakan katalis Co-Ni/HZSM-5 pada proses hydrocracking minyak kemiri sunan. Kombinasi penambahan logam kobalt-nikel (Co-Ni) digunakan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dari katalis berbasis zeolit HZSM-5. Katalis Co-Ni/HZSM-5 diimpregnasi dengan menggunakan metode incipient wetness imregnation. Katalis dikeringkan pada temperatur pengeringan 120 oC selama 12 jam dan kemudian katalis dikalsinasi menggunakan udara pada temperatur 400 oC selama 2 jam, kemudian dilakukan proses reduksi menggunakan gas hidrogen pada temperatur 450 oC selama 3 jam untuk memperoleh fase aktif dari logam. Karakterisasi katalis menggunakan analisis XRD (X-ray diffraction), AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrofotometri) dan BET (Brunaeur-Emmet-Teller). Proses hydrocracking minyak kemiri sunan menggunakan gas hidrogen dan dilakukan di dalam reaktor batch Parr USA dengan temperatur reaksi 400 oC dan tekanan 20 bar selama 2 jam. Hasil perengkahan dianalisa dengan metode Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) dan Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrofotometer (GC-MS). Luas Permukaan HZSM5 sebesar 355,967 m2 /gr, HZSM-5 meso sebesar 447,770 m2 /gr dan CoNi/HZSM-5 meso dengan rasio logam 1:2 dan % loading logam 5% sebesar 282,039 m 2 /gr. Katalis terbaik yang diperoleh adalah katalis Co-Ni/HZSM-5 meso VI berdasarkan konversi tertinggi sebesar 99,65%. Yield kerosene yang dihasilkan sebesar 15,63% dan gasoil 49,5%. Komposisi senyawa hidrokarbon dari produk biofuel meliputi n-paraffin (36,94%), aromatik (39,69%), olefin (4,35%), sikloparaffin (6,87%) dan isoparaffin (2,25%). Katalis berbasis HZSM-5 memiliki selektifitas gasoil tertinggi sebesar 76,83%.
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Hydrocracking process of vegetable oils is one of alternative processes to produce fuels (biofuel). Sunan candlenut oil has chosen to produce biofuel because it is non edible oil and prospective vegetable oil. This fact is very important to make convert this oil into biofuel via hydrocracking process. This research used Co-Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst on hydrocracking process of sunan candlenut oil. The addition of cobalt-nickel (Co-Ni) metals to HZSM-5 support was used to improve the activity of catalyst. The Co-Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst was impregnated using incipient wetness impregnation method. The catalyst was dried at a drying temperature of 120 oC for 12 hours and then the catalyst was calcinated with air at a temperature of 400oC for 2 hours, next the reduction process was done with hydrogen at a temperature of 450oC for 3 hours to obtain an active metal phase. The characterization of the catalyst was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Atomic Absorption Spectrofotometri (AAS) and Brunaeur-Emmet-Teller (BET). Hydrocracking of sunan candlenut oil was conducted used hydrogen gas in a Parr USA batch reactor at a temperature of 400 oC and with pressure of 20 bar for 2 hours. The liquid product of hydrocracking was analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). HZSM-5 with surface area of 355,967 m2 /gr, HZSM-5 meso of 447,770 m2 /gr and Co-Ni/HZSM-5 meso with metal ratio 1:2 and 5% metal loading of 282,039 m 2 /gr. The best catalyst obtained was Co-Ni/HZSM-5 meso with metal ratio 1:2 and 5% metal loading based on the highest conversion of 99,65% and yield products: kerosene of 15,63% and gasoil of 49,5%. The composition of hydrocarbon consists of n-paraffin of 36,94%, aromatic of 39,69%, olefin of 4,35%, cycloparaffin of 6,87% and isoparaffin of 2,25%. HZSM-5 based catalyst has the highest gasoil selectivity of 76,83%.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RTK 662.88 Alm r 3100016067298 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Biofuel, Hidrocracking, Minyak kemiri sunan, Katalis Co-Ni/HZSM-5 |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP339 Ethanol as fuel. Biomass energy. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Yeni Anita Gonti |
| Date Deposited: | 07 Jul 2020 07:09 |
| Last Modified: | 07 Jul 2020 07:09 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/76327 |
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