Rahma, Silvania Wemona and Liemen, Kezia Dewi Rona (2020) Pra Desain Pabrik Dimethyl Ether (DME) dari Batubara. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Dalam rangka mengamanahkan hilirisasi industri minerba sebagaimana tertera dalam UU No. 4 Tahun 2009, batubara tidak diekspor secara mentah, tetapi diolah terlebih dahulu menjadi produk dengan nilai yang lebih tinggi. Batubara dapat diolah menjadi synthetic gas (syngas) yang kemudian dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku produksi senyawa kimia seperti dimetil eter (DME). Pada tahun 2018, 70% dari kebutuhan LPG domestik dipenuhi dari impor luar negeri, sehingga DME yang berkarakteristik seperti LPG berpeluang untuk menekan angka impor. Berdasarkan kedekatan dengan target lokasi pemasaran dan ketersediaan fasilitas, maka pabrik DME dari batubara akan didirikan di Kabupaten Tuban, Jawa Timur. Proses pembentukan DME dari batubara dimulai dari unit gasifikasi dimana terbentuk syngas dengan rasio H2/CO = 0,62 dari batubara pada kondisi operasi 1500OC dan tekanan 20 bar. Selanjutnya dilakukan proses H2 enrichment dengan unit water gas shift agar syngas sesuai dengan spesifikasi feed reaktor sintesa DME yaitu H2/CO = 1. Kandungan CO2 dan sulfur dalam syngas lalu dihilangkan dengan reaktor hidrolisa COS dan kolom absorpsi. Setelah itu, syngas disintesa menjadi DME dalam reaktor dengan suhu 260OC dan tekanan 50 bar, serta dipurifikasi dengan kolom distilasi sehingga diperoleh produk akhir DME dengan kemurnian 99,7%. Pabrik dirancang agar beroperasi 24 jam/hari selama 330 hari/tahun dengan kebutuhan bahan baku 312.500 kg batubara/jam dan kapasitas produksi 660.000 ton DME/tahun. Sumber dana investasi berasal dari modal sendiri sebesar 20% dan pinjaman bank sebesar 80% dengan suku bunga 7,5% per tahun yang dilunasi dalam jangka waktu 10 tahun. Berdasarkan analisa ekonomi diperoleh jumlah investasi yang diperlukan 453.818.215 USD, IRR 29%, POT 5,68 tahun, BEP 18,79%, dan NPV 700.269.189 USD dalam 20 tahun.
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In order to boost downstream activity of mining industry as stated in the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 4 of 2009, coal is not exported raw, but is processed first into products of higher value. Coal can be processed into synthetic gas (syngas) which is utilized as feedstock for dimethyl ether (DME) production. In 2018, 70% of domestic LPG demand was met through imports, so DME which has similar characteristics as LPG, is a potential alternative to reduce imports. Based on proximity to the targeted marketing location and the availability of facilities, DME plant from coal will be established in Tuban District, East Java. The DME production process begins in the gasification unit where syngas is formed with a ratio of H2/CO = 0.62 from coal, operating at 1500OC and 20 bar. Next, syngas enters water gas shift unit in which the ratio of H2/CO increased to 1 according to the feed specification of DME reactor. Then, CO2 and sulfur in syngas are removed in COS hydrolysis reactor and absorption column. Afterwards, syngas is processed in DME reactor which operates at 260OC and 50 bar. Finally, DME is purified in distillation column and DME with 99.7% purity is obtained. The plant is designed to operate 24 hours/day for 330 days/year using 312,500 kg coal/hour as feed and capable to produce 660,000 ton DME/year. The source of investment fund comes equity as much as 20% and bank loan of 80% with an interest rate of 7.5% per year which can be paid off within 10 years. Based on economic analysis, it was obtained that the required amount of investment is 453,818,215 USD, IRR is 29%, POT is 5.68 years, BEP is 18.79%, and NPV will be 700,269,189 USD in 20 years.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSK 661.84 Rah d-1 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | dimethyl ether, coal, gasification |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS176 Manufacturing engineering. Process engineering (Including manufacturing planning, production planning) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Kezia Dewi Rona Liemen |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Mar 2025 02:00 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Mar 2025 02:00 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/76372 |
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