Pratiwi, Tamia Cahyaning and Satriyo, Raden Ricko (2020) Pra Desain Pabrik Minyak Goreng dari Crude Palm Oil (CPO). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Kelapa sawit merupakan salah satu komoditi utama yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia. Hal itu dikarenakan minyak kelapa sawit merupakan industri hulu yang sangat penting bagi berbagai industri lainnya. Setiap tahunnya produksi CPO semakin meningkat, hal ini dikarenakan kebutuhan CPO baik dalam negeri maupun luar negeri semakin besar. Dalam beberapa tahun Indonesia dan Malaysia telah memenuhi lebih dari 90% dari total kebutuhan ekspor minyak kelapa sawit di dunia. Selain itu pemerintah juga membuat suatu kebijakan yaitu hilirisasi industri minyak sawit Indonesia.
Terdapat peluang pasar minyak goreng sehingga dirancang pabrik minyak goreng dengan kapasitas 350.000 ton/ tahun dengan bahan baku CPO. Pabrik direncanakan mulai dikonstruksi di Kabupaten Merangin, Provinsi Jambi pada tahun 2021.
Proses meliputi proses refinery dan proses fraksinasi. Proses refinery dimulai dengan degumming untuk menghilangkan getah dengan penambahan asam fosfat, lalu bleaching untuk menghilangkan pengotor dengan penambahan adsorben, dilanjutkan dengan filtrasi dan deodorisasi. Proses fraksinasi terdiri dari kristalisasi dan filtrasi untuk memisahkan antara fraksi cair yaitu olein dan fraksi padat yaitu stearin dimana minyak goreng adalah olein.
Pabrik minyak goreng berbentuk perseroan terbatas dengan kebutuhan bahan baku CPO sebesar 572.000 ton CPO/tahun. Pabrik memerlukan 560 karyawan dengan total investasi senilai
Rp. 627.531.437.409,1 dan total biaya produksi Rp. 3.492.898.255.297,46. Perkiraan hasil penjualan untuk kapasitas pabrik 100% senilai Rp. 3.946.635.458.093 per tahun. Analisa ekonomi menunjukkan internal rate of return (IRR) senilai 21,36%, pay out time (POT) 3,5 tahun, dan break even point (BEP) 30,65% sehingga pabrik layak didirikan.
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Palm Oil is one of the main commodity that gives great impact in Indonesian economic growth because palm is one of the upstream industry that is important to other industries. Each year CPO production increasing this is due to needs for CPO either domestically or internationally. In several years Indonesia and Malaysia has fulfilled over 90% of export needs for palm oil in the world. Besides the government made a policy of downstream industry of Indonesian palm oil. There are big chance of frying oil market so hereby designed palm oil plant with capacity of 350.000 ton/ year with CPO as the raw material. Plant is planned to be scheduled for construction in Kabupaten Merangin, provinsi Jambi in 2021.
Process includes refinery and fractionation. Refinery process begins with degumming to eliminate gum by adding phosphoric acid, then bleaching to eliminate impurities by adding adsorbent, continued with filtration and deodorization. Fractionation consist of two steps, crystallization and filtration to separate liquid faction which is olein and solid fraction which is stearin where palm oil is olein.
Palm oil plant is limited company with needs of raw material CPO of 572.000 ton/ year, plant needs a total of 560 staff, total investment of Rp. 627.531.437.409,1 and total production cost of Rp. 3.492.898.255.297,46. Prediction of selling for plant capacity 100% is Rp. 3.946.635.458.093 per year. economical analysis shows Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 21,36%, pay out time (POT) 3,5 years and break even point (BEP) 30,65% so this plant worth the stand.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Crude Palm Oil, Deodorisasi, Minyak Goreng, Frying Oil, Deodorization |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD63.S4 Separation (Technology) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Tamia Cahyaning Pratiwi |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Aug 2020 04:58 |
| Last Modified: | 22 May 2023 05:33 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/78013 |
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