Fadlillah, Yasin Dhitu (2020) Perencanaan IPAL Domestik Komunal Tipikal Untuk Pemenuhan Baku Mutu Amonia Di Kabupaten Gresik. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Air limbah domestik adalah penyumbang polutan dominan
terhadap badan air. Tingginya kandungan zat organik dalam air limbah domestik menjadi alasan perlunya pengolahan sebelum pembuangan ke badan air. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan membangun Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) domestik komunal. Kabupaten Gresik merupakan salah satu kabupaten yang memiliki banyak IPAL. Terhitung ada 134 IPAL domestik yang sudah terbangun sampai saat ini dengan teknologi Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR). Namun banyaknya jumlah IPAL yang telah terbangun tidak diiringi dengan efektivitas
pengolahan yang terjadi. Hasil random sampling menunjukkan efluen pada 8 IPAL masih belum memenuhi baku mutu terutama untuk parameter amonia. Amonia dalam batas berlebih dapat menyebabkan terjadinya eutrofikasi serta dapat bersifat toksik bagi biota perairan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan analisis lanjutan mengenai kemampuan pengolahan IPAL eksisting di Kabupaten Gresik serta perencanaan alternatif pengolahan pengganti terhadap teknologi yang sudah diterapkan saat ini, yaitu dengan
kombinasi ABR dan Aerobic Bio Filter (ABF). Perencanaan dilakukan dengan melakukan analisis terhadap karakteristik air limbah domestik di Kabupaten Gresik.
Teknologi ABF memiliki kemampuan yang baik untuk mereduksi kandungan amonia maupun polutan organik lainnya pada air limbah domestik menurut beberapa literatur. Selain itu, ABF mudah dioperasikan, lumpur yang dihasilkan sedikit, tahan terhadap fluktuasi debit maupun beban air limbah, serta perubahan suhu tidak terlalu berpengaruh terhadap efisiensi pengolahan sehingga tepat untuk digunakan sebagai IPAL domestik. IPAL Komunal yang direncanakan terdiri dari 3 klaster. Penentuan klaster berdasarkan sambungan rumah (SR) terbanyak yaitu 30, 50, dan 75 SR. Perbedaan IPAL yang direncanakan dengan IPAL eksisting yaitu terdapat tambahan unit berupa ABF
dan bak desinfeksi setelah unit ABR. IPAL eksisting hanya terdiri dari unit ABR atau modifkasinya. Unit ABF up-flow yang direncanakan terdiri dari 2 kompartemen, dilengkapi media plastik sarang tawon serta peralatan aerasi fine bubble disk diffuser dan blower udara. Desain untuk bak desinfeksi terdiri dari 2 kompartemen menggunakan tablet klor sebagai desinfektan.
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Domestic wastewater is the dominant contributor to
pollutants in water bodies. The high content of organic substances in domestic wastewater is the reason for the need for prior treatment disposal to water bodies. One effort that can be done is by building Communal Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP). Gresik Regency is one districts that have many WWTPs. There are 134 domestic WWTPs built to date with the Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) technology. But the large number of WWTPs that has been built is not accompanied by the effectiveness of the processing that occurs. Random sampling results shows that effluent at 8 WWTPs still does not meet quality
standards, especially for ammonia. Ammonia in excess can cause eutrophication and can be toxic to aquatic biota. Therefore we need further analysis of capabilities processing of existing WWTPs in Gresik Regency and planning for alternative processing replacements on technology that has been applied today, namely
with a combination of ABR and Aerobic Bio Filter (ABF).
Planning is done by analyzing the characteristics of
domestic wastewater in Gresik Regency. ABF technology has a good ability to reduce content ammonia and other organic pollutants in domestic wastewater according to some literature. Besides that, ABF is easy to operate, the sludge produced is small, resistant to both discharge and fluctuations wastewater load, as well as temperature changes do not significantly affect the processing efficiency so it is appropriate to be used as a domestic
WWTP. The planned Communal WWTP consists of 3 clusters.
Determination of clusters based on house connections (SR) most are 30, 50, and 75 SR. The difference between the planned WWTP and the existing WWTP is that there are additional units in the form of ABF and disinfection tanks after ABR units. The existing WWTP only consists of ABR units or modifications. The planned ABF upflow unit consists of 2 compartments, equipped with honeycomb
plastic media as well as fine bubble disk diffuser aeration equipment and air blower. The design for disinfection tanks consists of 2 compartments using chlorine tablets as disinfectants.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | ABF, ABR, amonia, domestik, IPAL, ABF, ABR, ammonia, domestic, WWTP |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Yasin Dhitu fadlillah |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Aug 2020 05:07 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Jun 2023 07:37 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/78539 |
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