Alhabsy, Muhammad Fahlul (2020) Model Simulasi Penentuan Sumber Daya yang Dibutuhkan pada Pengapalan Fly Ash di PT Pupuk Kaltim. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
PT Pupuk Kaltim merupakan salah satu produsen pupuk yang memenuhi permintaan domestik maupun luar negeri. Dalam memenuhi permintaan tersebut, PT Pupuk Kaltim memproduksi listrik dengan menggunakan proses pembakaran pada boiler batu bara. Proses tersebut meninggalkan residu berupa fly ash. Fly ash dikategorikan sebagai limbah Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun (B3), sehingga perlu dikelola secara khusus. Pengelolaan fly ash di PT Pupuk Kaltim dilakukan dengan mendistribusikan limbah tersebut ke beberapa perusahaan semen melalui jalur laut, dengan menggunakan kapal tongkang. Sebelum proses tersebut, terdapat proses pengapalan yang dilakukan. Proses pengapalan tersebut meliputi, proses loading fly ash di boiler, proses pengiriman ke Tempat Penampungan Sementara (TPS) dan kapal dengan menggunakan dump truck, proses loading di TPS menggunakan ekskavator, hingga proses perataan fly ash di kapal menggunakan wheel loader dan ekskavator. Realita pada proses pengapalan tersebut membutuhkan waktu hingga 7 hari, sehingga kapal yang disewa dari pihak ketiga memerlukan waktu yang lebih lama di pelabuhan. Oleh sebab itu, keberadaan resource lainnya perlu dioptimalkan agar kapal yang merupakan resource dengan biaya paling besar dapat menemukan waktu sewa yang efisien. Pada penelitian ini metode Discrete Event Simulation (DES) digunakan untuk mengetahui kebutuhan resource yang diperlukan pada setiap tahap proses pengapalan. Selain itu, DES juga digunakan untuk menjawab kompleksitas dalam permasalahan sistem pengapalan yang berupa uncertainty dan interdependensi. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi, didapatkan jumlah dump truck 4 dan penambahan crane LHM 180 dengan rata-rata durasi pengapalan selama 1,33 hari serta penghematan biaya sebesar Rp2.342.519.097,00. Dengan melakukan analisis sensitivitas, didapatkan kapasitas optimal TPS sebesar 28.057 ton yang dapat mengantisipasi turunnya rate pengiriman fly ash hingga 25% dari kondisi normal. Sedangkan what-if analysis menunjukkan penerapan jenis kapal 180 feet dapat memberikan penghematan biaya sebesar Rp52.179.653,00 dari jenis kapal semula (270 feet), tetapi perlu memperhatikan beberapa aspek dalam penerapan ini.
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PT Pupuk Kaltim was one of the fertilize producer that fulfill demand of domestic nor international market. In the order to fulfill that demand, PT Pupuk Kaltim producing the electricity with coal burn process in coal boiler. This process releases residue that called as fly ash. Fly ash was categorized as "Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun" (B3) waste by the government. Hence of that, fly ash must be managed with carefully. Fly ash that managed by PT Pupuk Kaltim, was conducted by distributing that waste to several cement company. The distribution process was carried out by sea, with using a barge. Before that process was done, there was a shipment process beforehand. That shipment process covers, fly ash loading process in boiler, transportation to "Tempat Penampungan Sementara" (TPS) and barge with using a couple of dump truck, fly ash loading process in TPS with using wheel loader and excavator. In fact, that shipment process takes up to 7 days. As a result of that, the barge that leased from the third parties need addition time at the port. Therefore, the availability of another resource should be optimized so the barge as we know as one of the costly resources, could be found the efficient rent time. In this research, Discrete Event Simulation (DES) was selected as the method that will be used to known the amount of resources needed on each stage of shipment process. On the other hand, DES also used to respond the complexity of the shipment process system, in form of uncertainty and interdependence. Based on the simulation output, 4 dump trucks and addition crane LHM 180 was selected as the best scenario, with average shipment duration 1,33 days and cost savings reach Rp2.342.519.097,00. In addition, the sensitivity analysis shows the amount of TPS that should be prepared was 28.057 tons. This capacity can anticipate the possibility of the descent of shipment rate up to 25% from normal condition. Meanwhile, what-if analysis shows by using 180 feet barges can save Rp52.179.653 when it compared to existing barges (270 feet), however there is several aspects that must be consider.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Discrete event simulation, fly ash, pengapalan, shipment |
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HE Transportation and Communications > HE564.A1 Shipping T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.62 Simulation T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD427.F58 Fly ash |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Industrial Engineering > 26201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Muhammad Fahlul Alhabsy |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Aug 2020 03:05 |
| Last Modified: | 12 Oct 2023 11:17 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/79681 |
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