Al Firdaus, Ahmad Adnan Billah and Andriansyah, Dewangga Widyanindra (2020) Pra Desain Pabrik Pembuatan Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC) Dari Aluminium Chloride Hexahydrate. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Abstrak - Masalah pencemaran lingkungan khususnya masalah pencemaran air di kota- kota besar di Indonesia telah menunjukkan gejala yang cukup serius. Penyebab dari pencemaran tidak hanya berasal dari buangan industri pabrik- pabrik yang membuang begitu saja air limbahnya tanpa pengolahan terlebih dahulu ke sungai atau ke laut, tetapi juga karena masyarakat itu sendiri baik secara sengaja atupun tidak sengaja, yakni akibat air buangan rumah tangga yang jumlahnya samakin hari semakin besar seusai dengan perkembangan dan pertumbuhan penduduk di suatu kota. Dahulu banyak industri menggunakan aluminium sulfat, ferric sulphate ataupun ferric chloride sebagai koagulan dalam memproses limbahnya. Namun, dalam tiga dekade terakhir, beberapa cara dikembangkan untuk menghasilkan koagulan pre-hydrolysed metal-ion dari aluminium atau ferric iron yang terbukti memiliki performa yang lebih baik dibandingkan koagulan konvensional seperti alum atau ferric sulphate, salah satunya adalah Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC). PAC merupakan suatu persenyawaan organik kompleks, ion hidroksil serta ion aluminium bertaraf klorinasi yang berlainan sebagai pembentuk polynuclear dan mempunyai bentuk umum: Alm(OH)nCl(3m-n). Proses pembuatan PAC terdiri dari empat tahap, tahap reducing material, tahap thermal dekomposisi, tahap pemisahan kotoran, dan tahap pelarutan. Pabrik direncanakan beroperasi pada tahun 2023. Berdasarkan data impor, konsumsi, produksi yang terus meningkat didapat estimasi kapasitas pabrik sebesar 4.000 ton/tahun. Untuk itu dibutuhkan bahan baku aluminium klorida heksahidrat yang digunakan sebesar 780,912 ton/tahun. Lokasi pendirian pabrik direncanakan di Biningkanaya, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan. Untuk dapat mendirikan pabrik PAC dengan kapasitas 4.000 ton/tahun diperlukan modal total sebesar Rp 19.523.400.532,- dengan harga jual PAC sebesar $400 per ton. Estimasi umur pabrik 10 tahun, sehingga dapat diketahui internal rate of return (IRR) sebesar 37,7%, pay out time (POT) 4,5 tahun dan break even point (BEP) sebesar 40.5%.
Kata kunci - Aluminium chloride hexahydrate, Poly aluminium chloride, Penjernihan
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Abstract - The problem of environmental pollution, especially the problem of air pollution in big cities in Indonesia, has shown serious symptoms. The cause of pollution does not only come from industrial discharges of factories that simply dump their wastewater without prior treatment into rivers or into the sea, but also because the community itself is deliberately or unintentionally, namely due to household wastewater which uses up every day according to the development and population growth in a city. In the past, many industries used aluminum sulfate, ferric sulphate or ferric chloride as coagulants in processing their waste. However, in the last three decades, several methods have been developed to produce pre-hydrolyzed metal ion coagulants from aluminum or ferrous iron, which have been shown to have better performance compared to conventional coagulants such as alum or ferric sulphate, one of which is Poly Aluminum Chloride (PAC). PAC is a complex organic compound, hydroxyl ions and aluminum ions with different chlorination levels as polynuclear formers and has the general form: Alm (OH) nCl (3m-n). The PAC manufacturing process consists of four stages, a material reduction stage, a thermal decomposition stage, a dirt separation stage, and a dissolving stage. The factory is planned for 2023. Based on data on imports, consumption, production, which continues to increase from a production capacity of 4,000 tons / year. This requires 780,912 tons / year of aluminum chloride hexahydrate as raw material. The location for the establishment of the factory is planned in Biningkanaya, Makassar, South Sulawesi. To be able to set up a PAC plant with a capacity of 4,000 tons / year, a total capital of IDR 19,523,400,532 is required with a PAC selling price of $ 400 per tonne. Estimated plant age is 10 years, so it can be seen that the internal rate of return (IRR) is 37.7%, the payout time (POT) is 4.5 years and the break even point (BEP) is 40.5%.
Keywords - Aluminum chloride hexahydrate, Poly aluminum chloride, Purification
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Aluminium chloride hexahydrate, Poly aluminium chloride, Penjernihan, Aluminum chloride hexahydrate, Poly aluminum chloride, Purification |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD430 Water--Purification. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1140 Polymers |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Dewangga Widyanindra Andriansyah |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Aug 2020 03:41 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Jul 2023 15:17 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/80097 |
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