Fajrin, Akhmad Raditya Maulana (2020) KONSEP PENATAAN PERMUKIMAN PESISIR BERBASIS STRATEGI ADAPTASI TERHADAP BENCANA BANJIR ROB Studi Kasus: Kampung Tambak Lorok, Kecamatan Semarang Utara, Kota Semarang. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Banjir rob memberikan efek negatif terhadap kondisi fisik, sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkungan.
Banjir rob di Kampung Tambak Lorok selain menyebabkan kerusakan infrastruktur dan kawasan
pemu¬kiman, juga berdampak pada kehidupan masyarakat, rumah tangga, dan individual secara
simultan. Sehingga, masyarakat perlu melakukan adaptasi lingkungan agar mencapai kehidupan yang
nyaman dan sehat. Faktor sosial, ekonomi dan ekologi lingkungan mempengaruhi adaptasi lingkungan
masyarakat, khususnya di kampung Tambak Lorok. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merumuskan
strategi penataan permukiman yang tepat berbasis adaptasi bermukim pada permukiman pesisir
Kampung Tambak Lorok.
Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma post-positivism dengan strategi penelitian korelasi dan
didukung oleh penelitian kualitatif. Hasil observasi dan wawancara terstruktur terhadap karakteristik
permukiman dan kondisi banjir rob dianalisa secara deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian korelasi
menggunakan teknik penyebaran kuisioner untuk menemukan faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh dalam
bermukim dan beradaptasi akibat banjir rob dan dianalisa melalui uji korelasi. Strategi adaptasi
bermukim dianalisa melalui triangulasi untuk merumuskan konsep penataan permukiman pesisir
berbasis adaptasi bencana banjir rob.
Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa karakteristik permukiman dan bahaya banjir rob
dapat diklasifikasikan ke dalam 3 zona yakni zona dengan dampak tinggi, sedang dan rendah.
Permasalahan permukiman yang terdapat pada Kampung Tambak Lorok adalah faktor moneter dimana
income sangat rendah namun price dan cost tinggi. Faktor non moneter untuk akses sosial menujukkan
daya keberdukungan sosial sangat jauh dari permukiman. Berdasarkan hasil analisa uji dependensi
variabel moneter, non-moneter dan bahaya banjir sangat mempengaruhi upaya adaptasi masyarakat.
Hasil penelitian merumuskan terdapat 16 upaya adaptasi yang dapat diklasifikasikan penggunaan
elemen tetap (fixed features), semi-tetap (semi-fixed features) dan penggunaan elemen keduanya. Hasil
analisa uji dependensi menujukkan mayoritas masyarakat memiliki income sangat rendah, namun
dengan kondisi rumah mereka di area rawan banjir tinggi, tetap melakukan upaya adaptasi perbaikan
elemen tetap. Sehingga, price dan cost menjadi lebih tinggi. Namun demikian, masyarakat tetap bertahan
untuk tinggal di area tersebut karena memiliki nilai asset yang cukup tinggi, keamanan tinggal sangat
aman, kondisi bangunan mayoritas permanen dan kedekatan dengan sumber pendapatan (pekerjaan)
yakni mayoritas bekerja pada sektor perikanan.
Konsep penataan permukiman yang diajukan adalah Konsep Tridaya yang berbasis pada
partisipasi masyarakat untuk meningkatkan kondisi ekonomi, sosial dan budaya. Selain itu, terdapat
konsep penataan permukiman dengan melakukan revitalisasi dan pembangunan baru untuk sarana,
prasarana dan rumah dengan memperhatikan bahaya banjir rob berbasis arsitektur permukiman nelayan
Kata kunci : banjir, adaptasi, permukiman, dan semarang
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Tidal flooding has a negative effect on physical, social, economic and environmental
conditions. The tidal flood in Kampung Tambak Lorok, apart from causing damage to
infrastructure and settlement areas, also had an impact on the lives of the community,
households, and individuals simultaneously. Thus, people need to adapt to the environment in
order to live healthy and comfortable. Social, economic, and environmental ecological factors
affect the environmental adaptation of Tambak Lorok community. This study aims to formulate
settlement design strategy based on housing and settlement adaptation in tidal flood risk
settlement area of Kampung Tambak Lorok.
This study uses a post-positivist paradigm with a correlation research strategy and is
supported by qualitative research. Observation and structured interviews are analyzed
descriptively to identify the characteristics of the settlement and tidal flood conditions. A
correlation study uses questionnaire distribution techniques to find influential factors in
housing adaptation due to tidal flooding impact. Types of housing adaptation and its influence
factors are examined by dependency analysis that afterward the concept of structuring coastal
settlements is formulated based on tidal flood disaster adaptation strategy.
The results of this study indicate that the characteristics of the settlement and tidal
flood hazard can be classified into 3 zones, namely zones with high, medium, and low impact.
The settlement problem has been indicated by both monetary and non-monetary factors. For
example, the income is mostly very low, but the price and cost are slightly high. Non-monetary
factors for social access indicate social support is hardly achieved by householder of Tambak
Lorok. Based on the dependency test, monetary, non-monetary, and flood hazards are
interrelated with the adaptation effort variables. From the research results, 16 adaptation efforts
are classified by using fixed features, semi-fixed features, and the use of both elements. The
results of the dependency test analysis show that the majority of people have very low incomes,
but with the condition of their houses in high flood-prone areas, they are making adaptation
efforts to improve the housing condition. Consequently, the price and cost are higher than
householder’s income rate. However, the people continue to live in the area because they have
high asset values, very safe living security, the majority of permanent building conditions and
proximity to sources of income (employment) in marine sector.
The proposed solution for settlement improvement is the Tridaya Concept which is
based on community participation to improve economic, social and cultural conditions. In
addition, a concept of settlement arrangement is suggested, namely the revitalization and
construction of new facilities, infrastructure, and houses with due regard to tidal flooding risk
and considering fishermen settlement architecture as conceptual approach.
Keyword : tidal flood, adaptation, settlement, and semarang
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | N Fine Arts > NA Architecture > NA7115 Domestic architecture. Houses. Dwellings |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Architecture > 23101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Akhmad Raditya Maulana Fajrin |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Aug 2020 06:36 |
| Last Modified: | 15 Nov 2023 07:53 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/80886 |
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