Robbi, Shofa Dai (2020) Analisis Fungsi Vessel Traffic Services untuk Meningkatkan Layanan Kapal: Studi Kasus Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak - Alur Pelayaran Barat Surabaya. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Tonase dan dimensi kapal yang masuk ke Alur Pelayaran Barat Surabaya (APBS) dari tahun 2014 sampai 2018, mengalami peningkatan masing-masing sebesar 43,76% dan 13%. Hal ini berdampak terhadap kinerja layanan kapal, terutama waiting time (WT) dan approach time (AT). Rata-rata AT tahun 2019 adalah 31,50% di atas standar yang telah ditetapkan. Sedangkan rata-rata WT mengacu definisi UNCTAD sebesar 339,43% lebih tinggi dari laporan kinerja.
Untuk meningkatkan layanan kapal, sejak tahun 2015 Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak telah mengoperasikan Vessel Traffic Service (VTS). Layanan ini diharapkan dapat membantu pengaturan lalu lintas kapal, keselamatan pelayaran dan perlindungan terhadap lingkungan maritim. Layanan tersebut belum berfungsi secara optimal karena nilai layanan yang disediakan masih rendah. Persentase layanan dalam information service (INS) sebesar 55,71%, traffic organization service (TOS) 55,83% dan navigational assistance (NAS) 52,08%. Akibatnya, banyak informasi penting yang diperlukan oleh awak kapal tidak tersampaikan. Hal ini akan mempengaruhi nakhoda dalam pengambilan keputusan dan perencanaan berlayar.
Layanan VTS diharapkan akan mengurangi AT dan WT di pelabuhan. Analisis dilakukan dengan membagi APBS menjadi enam titik proses layanan. Terdiri 3 WT dan 5 proses AT, dimulai dari kapal masuk sampai dengan bersandar.
Berdasar hasil perhitungan, persentase rata-rata AT lebih dominan daripada WT, yaitu 67,82% berbanding 32,18%. Artinya efisiensi AT akan berdampak besar pada kinerja layanan kapal. Layanan VTS berperan dalam menyediakan informasi akurat dan tepat waktu kepada nakhoda kapal berkaitan dengan pengambilan keputusan selama berlayar.
Integrasi data VTS dengan stake holder pelabuhan berdampak bertambahnya jenis layanan VTS. Optimalisasi VTS akan mengurangi WT dan AT hingga 62,92%. Langkah lain optimalisasi adalah pemberian kewenangan pada VTS untuk memberikan perintah, saran dan larangan kepada kapal. VTS memiliki peran dalam: pemanduan elektronik, peringatan dini potensi kecelakaan, prediksi lalu-lintas kapal, dan penyediaan informasi maritim juga pengembangan navigasi elektronik.
Analisis biaya manfaat VTS dihitung berdasar manfaat dan biaya oleh VTS dan kapal. Untuk VTS sebesar 1,54 pada tahun pertama dan menurun setelahnya. Berbeda dengan rasio yang diterima kapal, yaitu 1,04 pada tahun pertama dan naik pada tahun berikutnya. Sehingga optimalisasi VTS lebih berdampak bagi layanan kapal di Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak daripada pendapatan negara (PNBP).
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The tonnage and dimensions of vessels entering the Surabaya West Access Channel (SWAC) from 2014 to 2018 increased by 43.76% and 13% respectively. This has an impact on the performance of ship services, especially waiting time (WT) and approach time (AT). The average AT of 2019 is 31.50% above the established standard. While the average WT refers to the definition of UNCTAD 339,43% higher than the performance report.
To improve ship services, since 2015 Port of Tanjung Perak has operated a Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) . This service is expected to help manage vessels traffic, safety of navigation and protection of the marine environment. The service is not functioning optimally because the value of the services provided is still low. The percentage of services in information service (INS) was 55.71%, traffic organization service (TOS) 55.83% and navigational assistance (NAS) 52.08%. As a result, many important information needed by the crew was not conveyed. This will affect the Captain in decision making and passage planning.
VTS services are expected to reduce time at the port. Analysis of time during sailing, is done by dividing the APBS into six service points. Consists of 3 WT and 5 AT processes, starting from the ship entering to berthing.
Based on the calculation of the percentage of AT is more dominant than tWT, which is 67,82% compared to 32,18%. This means that AT efficiency will have a large impact on the performance of ship services. VTS services play a role in providing accurate and timely information to the ship's captain regarding decision making during sailing.
The integration of VTS data with port stakeholders has resulted in an increase in the types of VTS services. Optimizing VTS will reduce WT and AT up to 62.92%. Another step of optimization is giving authority to VTS to give orders, suggestions and prohibitions to ships. VTS has a role in: electronic guidance, information on early detection of potential accidents, prediction of ship traffic, and the provision of maritime information as well as the development of electronic navigation.
VTS benefit cost analysis is calculated based on the benefits and costs by VTS and vessel. For VTS it was 1.54 in the first year and decreased thereafter. This is different from the ratio received by vessel, which is 1.04 in the first year and increases in the following year. So that the optimization of VTS has more impact on ship services than state revenue (PNBP).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | APBS, Layanan kapal, Layanan VTS, Optimalisasi, VTS Optimalization, Ship Services, SWAC, VTS |
| Subjects: | V Naval Science > V Naval Science (General) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Transportation Engineering > 21209-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | SHOFA DAI ROBBI |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Aug 2020 06:34 |
| Last Modified: | 17 Jun 2023 15:17 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/81225 |
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