., Jaharani and ., Nasichah (2014) Pembuatan Biodiesel Dari Minyak Kelapa Dengan Katalis H3po4 Secara Batch Dengan Menggunakan Gelombang Mikro. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Biodiesel adalah salah satu alternatif bahan bakar yang
ramah lingkungan dan tidak beracun. Umumnya, proses
pembuatan biodiesel dilakukan dengan proses trans-esterifikasi
dengan bantuan katalis basa. Penggunaan katalis asam jarang
diminati sebab laju reaksinya yang lebih lambat. Penelitian ini
bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh daya, pengaruh katalis dan
pengaruh jenis katalis asam terhadap reaksi trans-
esterifikasi.Penelitian dilakukan pada kondisi atmosferik dengan
rasio mol minyak kelapa terhadap mol metanol sebesar 1:9
selama 1 jam.Variabel yang digunakan adalah jenis katalis
(H3PO4 dan H2SO4), konsentrasi katalis (w/w) (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%
dan 5%) dan variasi daya (100 Watt, 264 Watt dan 400 Watt).
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar daya yang
digunakan viskositas biodiesel semakin rendah tetapi yield
semakin besar. Daya 400 Watt menghasilkan yield optimum.
Konsentrasi dan jenis katalis juga memberikan pengaruh terhadap
viskositas dan yield biodiesel. Yield terbaik diperoleh pada
kondisi operasi 400 Watt dengan konsentrasi katalis H3PO4 4%
(w/w) yakni sebesar sebesar 0,15 sedangkan katalis H2SO4 akan
menghasilkan yield terbaik dengan kondisi operasi pada daya 400
Watt dengan konsentrasi katalis 5% yakni sebesar 0,39. Katalis
H2SO4 memberikan yield yang lebih baik apabila waktu operasi ditambah. Waktu optimum operasi adalah selama 5 jam yang
menghasilkan kadar biodiesel 75% dengan yield sebesar 0,39.
Dari dua jenis katalis, katalis H2SO4 lebih baik digunakan sebagai
katalis. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari penurunan viskositas rata-rata
yang lebih tinggi mencapai 50% dan yield yang lebih besar pada
daya dan konsentrasi katalis yang sama
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Biodiesel is an alternative fuel that is friendly to
environment and non-toxic. Generally, the process of producing
biodiesel is done by the trans-esterification process using base
catalyst. Acid catalyst is rarely desirable because a slower
reaction rate. This study aims to determine the effect of
microwave’s power, the influence of concentration and type of
acid catalyst on the transesterification reaction. This study was
conducted at atmospheric conditions with a mole ratio of oil to
methanol of 1:9 mol for 1 hour reaction. The variables used are
the type of catalyst (H3PO4 and H2SO4), catalyst concentration (w
/w) (1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%) and power of microwave (100
Watt, 264 Watt and 400 Watt). The results showed that the
greater power will caused lower viscosity but yields will greater.
The optimum power to make greater yield for reaction is 400
Watt. The concentration of the catalyst also gives effect to the
viscosity and the yield of biodiesel. On using H3PO4 catalysts,
catalyst concentration give little influence to the yield. The best
yield was obtained at 400 Watts of operating conditions with 4%
of catalyst concentration of H3PO4 which is equal to 0.15. And by
using 5% of catalyst concentration of H2SO4 with 400 Watts of
operating condition, produced 0,39 of the best yield. This variable will provide greater yield if the longer operation time.
The optimum time for this variabel is 5 hours, content 75% of
biodiesel or 0,39 of yield. This study showed catalyst H2SO4
better used as a acid catalyst. It can be seen from the average
decrease in viscosity and higher yield produced reached 39 on
the same power and concentration of catalyst.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | RSK 662.88 Jah p 3100014057016 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | biodiesel, minyak kelapa, microwave, trans- esterifikasi |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD195.B56 Biomass energy T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP339 Ethanol as fuel. Biomass energy. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Yeni Anita Gonti |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Oct 2020 04:16 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Oct 2020 04:16 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/82181 |
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