Fortuna, Dantya Farah (2020) Review Pengaruh Jenis Plasticizer dan Penambahannya Terhadap Kemampuan Biodegradasi dan Sifat Mekanik Bioplastik Pati Singkong-Kitosan. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Penggunaan polimer sintetis sebagai kemasan plastik mengakibatkan masalah pencemaran lingkungan karena sulit terdegradasi. Plastik konvensional terbuat dari minyak bumi. Alternatif pembuatan plastik ramah lingkungan diperoleh dari pengolahan bahan alami seperti contohnya umbi-umbian. Ubi kayu, atau biasa disebut dengan singkong merupakan salah satu contoh umbi-umbian yang tersedia melimpah di Indonesia karena mudah tumbuh, memiliki kandungan pati yang tinggi dibandingkan umbi lainnya. Pati sebagai bioplastik memiliki sifat kurang tahan terhadap air. Kitosan merupakan turunan dari kitin yang terdapat pada limbah kulit udang, mampu mengurangi daya serap air pada bioplastik pati. Namun, plastik yang terbuat dari pati memiliki elongasi yang rendah sehingga perlu ditambahkan dengan plasticizer untuk menaikkan elongasinya. Paper review ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penambahan beberapa jenis plasticizer pada bioplastik pati singkong-kitosan terhadap sifat mekanik dan biodegradabilitasnya. Berdasarkan hasil studi literatur, penambahan gliserol, sorbitol, dan poli(vinil alkohol) sebagai plasticizer pada bioplastik pati singkong-kitosan dapat menurunkan kekuatan tarik dan modulus elastisitas material, namun meningkatkan nilai elongasinya. Serta penambahan ketiga jenis plasticizer pada bioplastik pati singkong-kitosan mempengaruhi kemampuan biodegradasi material. Bioplastik dengan plasticizer gliserol mengalami degradasi sempurna dalam waktu tercepat.
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The use of synthetic polymers as plastic packaging causes environmental pollution problems because they are difficult to degrade. Conventional plastics are made from petroleum. An alternative to making environmentally friendly plastics is obtained from processing natural materials such as tubers. Cassava, or commonly called cassava, is an example of tubers that are abundant in Indonesia because they are easy to grow, have a high starch content compared to other tubers. Starch as a bioplastic is less resistant to water. Chitosan is a derivative of chitin found in shrimp shell waste, which can reduce water absorption in starch bioplastics. However, plastics made from starch have low elongation, so they need to be added with a plasticizer to increase their elongation. This review paper aims to analyze the effect of adding several types of plasticizers to cassava starch-chitosan bioplastics on its mechanical properties and biodegradability. Based on the results of literature studies, the addition of glycerol, sorbitol, and poly (vinyl alcohol) as plasticizers in cassava starch-chitosan bioplastics can reduce the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of the material, but increase its elongation value. The addition of the three types of plasticizers to the cassava starch-chitosan bioplastic affects the biodegradability of the material. Bioplastics with glycerol plasticizers undergo complete degradation in the fastest time.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | bioplastic, cassava starch, chitosan, plasticizer, bioplastik, pati singkong, kitosan, plasticizer |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QC Physics > QC173.4.C63 Composite materials T Technology > T Technology (General) > TA404 Materials--Biodegradation T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1140 Polymers |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Material & Metallurgical Engineering > 28201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Dantya Farah Fortuna |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Feb 2021 04:02 |
| Last Modified: | 26 Feb 2021 04:02 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/82903 |
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