Aidah, Galuh Mauliditya (2021) Kajian Dampak Emisi Udara Pada Proses Produksi Minyak Bumi di PT Pertamina EP Asset 4 Field Sukowati Menggunakan Metode Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Proses produksi minyak bumi PT Pertamina EP Asset 4 Field Sukowati menghasilkan emisi dari unit-unit produksi yang dapat menimbulkan dampak lingkungan. Emisi terbesar dari proses produksi industri minyak bumi adalah karbon dioksida (CO2) yang berkontribusi menyumbang 65% dari total emisi CO2.eq. Total emisi dari industri minyak bumi diperkirakan 1,7 Gt CO2.eq yang merupakan 5% dari total emisi global. Emisi tersebut berpotensi meningkatkan pemanasan global dan penurunan kualitas udara yang berdampak pada lingkungan dan manusia. Semua dampak lingkungan harus dikendalikan untuk memenuhi standard lingkungan sehingga dapat dilakukan perbaikan terus-menerus.
Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi dampak dari kegiatan produksi minyak bumi menggunakan pendekatan Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) dan mengidentifikasi metode yang paling tepat untuk perusahaan minyak bumi menggunakan analisis sensitivitas. Identifikasi dampak lingkungan dilakukan menggunakan software SimaPro 9 dengan membandingkan penilaian berbasis midpoint dan endpoint. Penilaian berbasis midpoint menggunakan motode CML-IA Baseline, ReCipe, dan TRACI, sedangkan penilaian berbasis endpoint menggunakan metode Eco Indicator 99, Impact 2002+, dan Ecological Scarcity. Penilaian dampak pada Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) untuk penilaian midpoint meliputi global warming, ozone depletion, human toxicity, acidification, dan fossil fuel depletion, sedangkan untuk penilaian endpoint adalah eco systems, human health, dan resources. Emisi yang dianalisis antara lain CO2, CH4, N2O, SOx, dan NOx. Lingkup analisis sistem proses adalah gate to gate, berfokus pada unit produksi minyak bumi yaitu separator, stripper, oil gas boot, dan LP flare.
Hasil dari analisis menghasilkan nilai dampak paling besar yang berasal dari unit separator PV-9900 pada output gas. Kategori dampak paling besar dari metode midpoint adalah fossil fuels dan kategori kerusakan paling besar dari metode endpoint adalah resources. Hasil analisis sensitivity check menjelaskan bahwa metode yang paling sensitif berdasarkan nilai persen deviasi terkecil adalah metode TRACI untuk penilaian berbasis midpoint dengan persen deviasi sebesar 0,00176% dan metode Eco Indicator 99 untuk penilaian berbasis endpoint dengan persen deviasi sebesar 0,00173%. Rekomendasi alternatif yang dipilih adalah melakukan injeksi limbah air terproduksi hasil pemisahan minyak dan gas bumi ke dalam sumur-sumur terproduksi dan pengusulan pemanfaatan gas suar bakar menjadi CNG dengan melibatkan stakeholder seperti Pemkab, SKK Migas, dan Ditjen Minyak.
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PT Pertamina EP Asset 4 Field Sukowati's petroleum production process produces emissions from production units that can cause environmental impacts. The biggest emission from the production process of the petroleum industry is carbon dioxide (CO2) which contributes to 65% of total CO2eq emissions. Total emissions from the petroleum industry are estimated to be 1.7 Gt CO2.eq which is constitute 5% of global total emissions. These emissions have the potential to increase global warming and decrease air quality which have an impact on the environment and humans. All environmental impacts must be controlled to meet environmental standards so that continuous improvement can be made. This study identifies the impacts that occur from petroleum production activities using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach and indentifies the most efficient methods for petroleum companies by sensitivity analysis. The identification of environmental impacts was carried out using SimaPro 9 software by comparing midpoint-based and endpoint-based assessments. Midpoint based assessment uses CML-IA Baseline, ReCipe, and TRACI methods, while endpoint based assessment uses Eco Indicator 99, Impact 2002+, and Ecological Scarcity methods. Impact assessment on life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) for midpoint assessment includes global warming, ozone depletion, human toxicity, acidification, dan fossil fuel depletion, while for endpoint assessment are eco systems, human health, and resources. Emissions analyzed include CO2, CH4, N2O, SOx, and NOx. The scope of the process system analysis is gate to gate, focusing on petroleum production units, namely the separator, stripper, oil gas boot, and LP flare. The results of the analysis produce the biggest impact from the PV-9900 separator unit on gas output. The biggest impact category from the midpoint method is fossil fuels and the biggest damage category from the endpoint method is resources. The results of the sensitivity check analysis explained that the most sensitive method based on the smallest percentage deviation value was the TRACI method for midpoint-based assessments with a percent deviation of 0.00176% and the Eco Indicator 99 method for endpoint-based assessments with a percent deviation of 0.00173%. The alternative recommendation chosen is to inject produced waste water from the separation of oil and natural gas into produced wells and propose to use flare gas to become CNG by involving stakeholders such as the Regency Government, SKK Migas and the Directorate General of Oil.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Dampak Lingkungan, Gas Rumah Kaca, LCA, Minyak Bumi, SimaPro 9. Crude Oil, Environmental Impact, Greenhouse Gas, LCA, SimaPro 9. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD194.6 Environmental impact analysis T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD883.5 Air--Pollution |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Galuh Mauliditya Aidah |
| Date Deposited: | 03 Mar 2021 02:42 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Jun 2024 09:14 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/83223 |
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