PERENCANAAN PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH MEDIS PADA KAPAL RUMAH SAKIT 124M

Jumineti, Dewi (2021) PERENCANAAN PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH MEDIS PADA KAPAL RUMAH SAKIT 124M. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Abstrak
Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan yang memiliki 16.056 pulau pada tahun 2018. Salah satu upaya pemerataan fasilitas kesehatan di daerah kepulauan dan percepatan pengiriman fasilitas kesehatan ketika terjadi bencana dan kecelakaan dengan menggunakan kapal rumah sakit. Pengoperasian kapal rumah sakit akan menghasilkan limbah rumah sakit yang perlu diolah untuk mengurangi dampak buruk terhadap lingkungan. Beberapa limbah rumah sakit yang bersifat beracun dikategorikan sebagai limbah B3 (Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun). Pengolahan limbah ini perlu diatur supaya lingkungan diarea medis kapal dan lingkungan operasional kapal tetap sehat, bersih dan terjaga. Pada penelitian ini direncanakan pengolahan limbah kapal rumah sakit mulai pengelompokkan limbah pada area medis, perhitungan jumlah limbah yang dihasilkan, diagram pengolahan limbah hingga menghasilkan standar operasional prosedur yang dapat diterima dan diterapkan sesuai analisa pada kapal rumah sakit. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan membuat model numerik berdasarkan data kapal rumah sakit pada kapal BRS (Bantu Rumah Sakit) yang saat ini masih proses pembangunan di PT PAL Indonesia (Persero). Pengelompokkan jenis limbah medis dilakukan pada setiap deck kapal BRS. Pengolahan limbah dilakukan pada Main Deck sampai “05” Deck. Main Deck dan “05” Deck merupakan deck akomodasi yang berfungsi sebagai kamar tidur crew kapal dan tenaga medis, sehingga limbah yang dihasilkan berupa limbah non-medis. “01-03” Deck merupakan ruangan perawatan, UGD, kamar jenazah, laboratorium dan ruangan selain klinik yang menghasilkan limbah medis berbentuk padat dan cair, limbah non-medis. “04” Deck merupakan deck klinik yang menghasilkan limbah medis padat dan cair, farmasi dan limbah non-medis. Jenis limbah yang banyak dihasilkan berupa limbah non-medis dengan presentasi 80%, limbah patologi dan infeksius 15%, limbah bahan kimia pharmaceutical 3% dan limbah jarum suntik dan pecahan peralatan laboratorium/ tabung 1%. Berdasarkan hasil pengelompokkan limbah setiap deck, dilakukan desain pengolahan limbah yang dapat diterapkan pada kapal BRS berupa desain pengolahan limbah cair yang menggunakan STP dan limbah padat menggunakan incinerator. Optimalisasi dalam opersional sistem pengolahan limbah, perlu dibuatkan jadwal rutin dalam operasional dan pemeliharaan secara harian, tiap 3 hari, mingguan, bulanan, tiap 3 bulan dan tahunan.

Kata kunci : Farmasi, insenerator, infeksius, kapal rumah sakit, limbah, medis, STP
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Indonesia is an archipelagic country which has 16,056 islands in 2018. One of the efforts to equalize health facilities in archipelagic areas and accelerate the delivery of health facilities when disasters and accidents occur by using hospital ships. The operation of a hospital ship will produce hospital waste that needs to be treated to reduce the adverse impact on the environment. Some hospital wastes that are toxic in nature are categorized as B3 waste (Hazardous and Toxic Materials). This waste treatment needs to be regulated so that the ship's medical area and the ship's operational environment remain healthy, clean and well-maintained. In this study, it is planned to treat hospital ship waste starting from the grouping of waste in the medical area, calculating the amount of waste produced, diagrams of waste treatment to produce a standard operating procedure that is acceptable and applied according to the analysis on hospital ships. This research was conducted by making a numerical model based on hospital ship data on the BRS (Hospital Assistance) ship which is currently still under construction at PT PAL Indonesia (Persero). Medical waste was categorized on each deck of the BRS ship. Waste treatment is carried out on the Main Deck up to "05" Deck. Main Deck and “05” Deck are accommodation decks that function as bedrooms for ship crews and medical personnel, so that the resulting waste is non-medical waste. "01-03" Deck is a treatment room, emergency room, morgue, laboratory and room other than a clinic that produces medical waste in the form of solid and liquid, non-medical waste. "04" Deck is a clinic deck that generates solid and liquid medical waste, pharmaceutical and non-medical waste. The types of waste that are mostly generated are non-medical waste with a percentage of 80%, pathological and infectious waste 15%, pharmaceutical chemical waste 3% and syringes and laboratory equipment fragments / tubes 1%. Based on the results of the waste grouping for each deck, a waste treatment design was carried out which could be applied to the BRS ship in the form of a liquid waste treatment design using STP and solid waste using an incinerator. Optimization in the operational waste treatment system, it is necessary to make a routine schedule for operation and maintenance on a daily, 3-day, weekly, monthly, 3-monthly and annually.

Key words: incinerator, infectious, hospital ships, medical, pharmacy, STP, waste

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Farmasi, insenerator, infeksius, kapal rumah sakit, limbah, medis, STP ==================== incinerator, infectious, hospital ships, medical, pharmacy, STP, waste
Subjects:	N Fine Arts > NC Drawing Design Illustration R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA567 Medical waste. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ223 PID controllers T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS171 Product design
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36101-(S2) Master Theses
Depositing User:	Dewi Jumineti
Date Deposited:	10 Mar 2021 03:46
Last Modified:	10 Mar 2021 03:46
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/84027

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