Analisis Teritip Sebagai Bioindikator Pencemaran Mikroplastik Di Perairan Pesisir Timur Surabaya

Raufanda, Miftakhul Sefti (2021) Analisis Teritip Sebagai Bioindikator Pencemaran Mikroplastik Di Perairan Pesisir Timur Surabaya. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Plastik dapat terurai menjadi fragmen yang lebih kecil saat terkena radiasi sinar ultraviolet, gelombang dan turbulensi arus. Fragmen berukuran kecil dengan dimensi <5mm disebut sebagai mikroplastik. Distribusi mikroplastik berpotensi mengganggu ekosistem dan biota laut. Salah satu wilayah yang tercemar oleh sampah plastik yaitu pesisir timur Surabaya. Fenomena ini menegaskan adanya urgensi untuk mengembangkan program pemantauan mikroplastik di ekosistem laut, salah satunya dengan memanfaatkan spesies bioindikator. Teritip menjadi salah satu spesies bioindikator mikroplastik potensial di pesisir perairan timur Surabaya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui karakteristik visual dan komposisi kimia mikroplastik pada teritip serta potensinya sebagai spesies bioindikator untuk polutan mikroplastik di pesisir timur Surabaya. Analisis mikroplastik pada teritip dilakukan secara visual dan pengujian polimer mikroplastik menggunakan FTIR-ATR. Data dianalisis normalitasnya menggunakan uji Shapiro-Wilk. Data terdistribusi normal kemudian dilanjutkan dengan Korelasi Pearson. Semua uji dilakukan pada a = 0,05. Korelasi Pearson dari setiap spesies teritip digunakan untuk menganalisis korelasi antara panjang serat dan ukuran teritip. Semua analisis statistik dilakukan dengan menggunakan SPSS. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa total mikroplastik yang didapatkan yaitu 196 partikel dengan pembagian sejumlah 155 partikel di teritip, 24 partikel di sedimen dan 17 partikel di air. Karakter visual mikroplastik yang ditemukan yaitu ukuran mikroplastik pada teritip didominasi oleh kelas 1 (1-10 µm) (50,3%), pada air didominasi oleh kelas 2 (10-50 µm) (52,9%) dan pada sedimen didominasi oleh kelas 3 (50-100 µm) (37,5%), bentuk mikroplastik pada teritip didominasi oleh fragmen (67%) sedangkan pada air dan sedimen didominasi oleh fiber (58% dan 75%), warna mikroplastik pada teritip didominasi oleh warna biru (70%), sedangkan pada air dan sedimen juga didominasi oleh warna biru (41% dan 91%) dan komposisi kimia mikroplastik pada teritip, air dan sedimen didominasi oleh Cellophane (57%). Teritip spesies Amphibalanus amphirite yang ditemukan pada Perairan Pesisir Timur Surabaya berpotensi sebagai Bioindikator mikroplastik karena merupakan spesies kosmopolit yang dapat ditemukan pada berbagai macam substrat dan populasinya memiliki korelasi positif dengan akumulasi mikroplastik seperti Cellophane (CP).
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Plastics can break down into smaller fragments when exposed to ultraviolet radiation, waves and turbulent currents. Small fragments with dimensions <5mm are referred to as microplastics. The distribution of microplastics has the potential to disrupt marine ecosystems and biota. One of the areas polluted by plastic waste is the east coast of Surabaya. This phenomenon confirms the urgency to develop microplastic monitoring programs in marine ecosystems, one of which is by utilizing bioindicator species. Barnacles are one of the potential microplastic bioindicator species in coastal waters east of Surabaya. The purpose of this study was to determine the visual characteristics and chemical composition of microplastics in barnacles and their potential as bioindicator species for microplastic pollutants on the east coast of Surabaya. Microplastic analysis on barnacles was carried out visually and microplastic polymer testing using FTIR-ATR. Data were analyzed for normality using the Shapiro-Wilk test. The data is normally distributed and then followed by the Pearson Correlation. All tests were performed at a = 0.05. Pearson correlation of each species of barnacle was used to analyze the correlation between fiber length and size of barnacles. All statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS. The results showed that the total microplastics obtained were 196 particles with the distribution of 155 particles in barnacles, 24 particles in sediment and 17 particles in water. The visual characteristics of microplastics found were the size of microplastics in barnacles dominated by class 1 (1-10 m) (50.3%), in water dominated by class 2 (10-50 m) (52.9%) and in sediments dominated by class 3 (50-100 m) (37.5%), the form of microplastic in barnacles is dominated by fragments (67%) while in water and sediment is dominated by fiber (58% and 75%), the color of microplastic in barnacles is dominated by blue (70%), while water and sediment were also dominated by blue (41% and 91%) and the chemical composition of microplastic in barnacles, water and sediment was dominated by Cellophane (57%). The barnacle species Amphibalanus amphirite found in the East Coast of Surabaya has the potential as a microplastic bioindicator because it is a cosmopolitan species that can be found on various substrates and its population has a positive correlation with the accumulation of microplastics such as Cellophane (CP).

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Bioindikator,Mikroplastik, Pesisir Timur Surabaya, Teritip, Barnacle, Bioindicator, Microplastics, The eastern cost of Surabaya
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Biology > QH301 Biology Q Science > QH Biology > QH541 Ecology Q Science > QH Biology > QH75 Nature conservation. Landscape protection. Biodiversity conservation. Endangered species and ecosystems (General). Habitat conservation. Ecosystem management. Conservation biology T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD420 Water pollution
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Miftakhul Sefti Raufanda
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2021 23:03
Last Modified:	05 Aug 2021 23:03
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/84949

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