Nimassari, Ouny Rahman (2021) Perencanaan Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) Industri Kegiatan Operasional Depo Kereta Sidotopo PT. KAI (Persero). Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Depo Kereta Sidotopo merupakan salah satu bengkel perawatan, permeliharaan, dan perbaikan armada kereta milik PT. KAI (Persero). Kegiatan operasional bengkel Depo Kereta yang menghasilkan air limbah diantaranya berasal dari kegiatan pencucian bogie kereta dan perawatan genset kereta. Air limbah industri bengkel banyak tercampur oleh bahan pelarut/pembersih, bahan bakar, oli (minyak pelumas), dan air bekas cucian. Namun, hingga saat ini Depo Kereta Sidotopo belum memilki instalasi pengolahan air limbah untuk mengolah limbah cair dari kegiatan operasionalnya tersebut. Sehingga, diperlukan adanya perancangan pengolahan air limbah dengan teknologi yang tepat sesuai dengan karakteristik air limbah Depo Kereta.
Perencanaan pembangunan IPAL untuk kegiatan operasional Depo Kereta Sidotopo mempertimbangkan aspek teknis dan finansial. Sebelum menentukan jenis pengolahan yang digunakan, terlebih dahulu mengumpulkan data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer didapat secara langsung dengan melakukan observasi, analisis terhadap kondisi di lapangan, dan analisis air limbah di laboratorium. Data sekunder didapatkan melalui instansi Depo Kereta Sidotopo. Setelah itu dilakukan pengolahan data dan perencanaan IPAL sesuai dengan kriteria desain dan prinsip pengolahan air limbah, kemudian diperoleh perencanaan berupa DED IPAL, Bill of Quantity (BOQ), Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB), dan Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) operasional dan pemeliharaan IPAL.
Berdasarkan hasil analisis laboratorium terhadaap kualitas air limbah industri kegiatan operasional Depo Kereta Sidotopo menunjukkan bahwa masih terdapat kandungan pencemar yang nilainya belum memenuhi baku mutu seperti minyak dan lemak sebesar 220 mg/L, BOD 172 mg/L, COD 358 mg/L, TSS 312 mg/L dan fosfat 19,31 mg/L. Sistem IPAL yang dipilih untuk mengolah air limbah tersebut terdiri dari 1 unit Grease oil Trap (0,6 m x 0,3 m x 0,8 m), 1 unit Bak Pengumpul (0,8 m x 0,8 m x 1,5 m), 1 unit Elektrokoagulasi (1 m x 0,5 m x 0,8 m), 1 unit Sedimentasi (1,2 m x 0,4 m x 1 m), 1 unit Filtrasi (0,5 m x 0,5 m x 0,65 m) serta disediakan juga 1 unit pengolahan lumpur yaitu Sludge Drying Bed (2 m x 2 m x 0,5 m) untuk mengolah lumpur yang dihasilkan dari unit sedimentasi. Biaya investasi yang dibutuhkan untuk pembangunan IPAL adalah Rp. 78.476.500, sedangkan untuk biaya operasional IPAL pertahunnya membutuhkan listrik dengan biaya Rp. 14.400.000/tahun.
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Depo Kereta Sidotopo is one of the maintenances, and repair workshops for the train fleet owned by PT. KAI (Persero). The operational activities of the Train Depo workshop which produces wastewater include washing the bogies and maintaining train generator sets. Much of the workshop industrial wastewater is mixed with solvents/cleaners, fuel, oil (lubricating oil), and used washing water. However, until now Depo Kereta Sidotopo doesn’t yet have a wastewater treatment plant to treat liquid waste from its operational activities. Thus, it is necessary to design a wastewater treatment with the right technology by the characteristics of Depo Kereta wastewater.
WWTP development planning of Depo Kereta Sidotopo considers technical and financial aspects. Before determining the type of processing used, first collect primary data and secondary data. Primary data is obtained directly by observing, analyzing conditions in the field, and analyzing wastewater in the laboratory. Secondary data are obtained through the Sidotopo Train Depo. After that, data processing and planning for WWTP are carried out by the design criteria and principles of wastewater treatment, then planning is obtained in the form of DED IPAL, Bill of Quantity (BOQ), Budget Plan (RAB), and Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for IPAL operations and maintenance.
Based on laboratory analysis, the quality of industrial wastewater at Depo Kereta Sidotopo shows that it still contains several contaminants that do not fulfill the quality standards such as oil and grease of 220 mg/L, BOD 172 mg/L, COD 358 mg/L, TSS 312 mg/L and phosphate 19.31 mg/L. The WWTP system chosen to treat the wastewater consists of 1 unit of Grease oil Trap (0.6 m x 0.3 m x 0,8 m), 1 unit of holding tank (0.8 m x 0.8 m x 1,5 m), 1 unit of Electrocoagulation (1 m x 0.5 m x 0.8 m), 1 unit of Sedimentation (1.2 m x 0.4 m x 1 m), 1 unit of Filtration (0.5 m x 0.5 m x 0.65 m) and also one sludge treatment unit, Sludge Drying Bed (2 m x 2 m x 0.5 m) to treat the sludge that produced from the sedimentation unit. The investment cost required for the construction of the WWTP is Rp. 78,476,500, while the yearly operational costs for WWTP require electricity at a cost of Rp. 14,400,000/year.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | air limbah bengkel, Depo Kereta, perencanaan IPAL workshop wastewaster, Depo Kereta, WWTP Planning |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD433 Water treatment plants T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD455 Chemical precipitation. Coagulation. Flocculation. Water--Purification--Flocculation. T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD899 Waste control in special industries, plants, processes, etc |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Ouny Rahman Nimassari |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Aug 2021 06:57 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Oct 2024 05:26 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/85256 |
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