Novitasari, Savira (2021) Kajian Risiko Penggunaan Air Baku Kelas II Terhadap Kualitas Air Produksi IPAM Ngagel I Surabaya Dengan Metode Failure Mode And Effects Analysis (FMEA). Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Air bersih merupakan kebutuhan yang sangat penting bagi kelangsungan hidup dan aktivitas manusia. Maka diperlukan adanya pengolahan air baku yang baik dan sesuai sehingga dapat terwujudnya pemenuhan kebutuhan akan air bersih. Namun seiring dengan meningkatnya pertumbuhan penduduk serta perkembangan industri menyebabkan pencemaran di aliran sungai turut meningkat. Pada tahun 2018, Kali Surabaya sebagai sumber air baku pengolahan air pada IPAM Ngagel I Surabaya termasuk dalam kualitas air kelas II. Hal ini memungkinkan adanya risiko kegagalan pada unit pengolahan IPAM Ngagel I Surabaya yang masih menggunakan sistem konvensional. Sehingga perlu dilakukan kajian untuk menganalisis risiko kegagalan yang ditimbulkan dari penggunaan air baku kelas II pada Kali Surabaya terhadap air produksi dari IPAM Ngagel I Surabaya.
Dalam analisis risikonya, metode yang digunakan dalam kajian penelitian ini adalah Fishbone Analysis dan Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). Fishbone Analysis sendiri digunakan sebagai upaya dalam identifikasi penyebab atau akar permasalahan dari adanya kegagalan yang terjadi dalam aspek teknis dan non-teknis menggunakan penggambaran Diagram Fishbone. Selanjutnya analisis risiko yang ditimbulkan akan diidentifikasi menggunakan metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) yaitu dengan adanya penentuan tingkat kegagalan yang terjadi dengan menggunakan perhitungan Risk priority number (RPN). Besar nilai Risk priority number (RPN) digunakan sebagai acuan dalam penentuan upaya minimisasi kegagalan.
Hasil analisis dari penggunaan air baku kelas II terhadap proses produksi IPAM Ngagel I Surabaya yaitu terdapat parameter sisa klor yang melebihi ketentuan PerMenKes No. 736 Tahun 2010 yaitu 1,6 mg/L pada air produksi dan pada unit pengolahan didapatkan persen efisiensi removal kekeruhan yang kurang dari kriteria desain. Sehingga dapat diidentifikasi adanya risiko kegagalan yaitu kinerja unit pengolahan yang kurang optimal. Dengan faktor penyebab kegagalan potensial pada aspek teknis dari yang tertinggi hingga terendah yaitu pada sisa klor, kecepatan pencucian filter, tebal media pasir silika filter, beban permukaan clearator, bilangan Reynold prasedimentasi, bilangan Froude prasedimentasi, bilangan Reynold clearator, gradien kecepatan pada flokulator clearator, dan gangguan aset filter. Dan ditentukan pula upaya minimisasi risiko kegagalan dari setiap penyebab kegagalan potensial yaitu dengan pengaturan debit inlet bak pada unit prasedimentasi dan unit clearator, pengaturan debit dan persiapan sebelum backwash yang baik pada unit filter, evaluasi penggunaan tebal media unit filter, evaluasi spesifikasi pipa inlet unit clearator dan rehabilitasi serta penggantian aset valve unit filter.
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Clean water is a very important requirement for sustainability and human activities. So it is necessary to have good and appropriate of raw water treatment that can fulfill the need for clean water. However, along with the increasing population growth and industrial development, the pollution in the river flow has also increased. In 2018, water quality of Surabaya River as a source of raw water for Water Treatment Plant at Ngagel I Surabaya was in second class. That condition is possible to bring through a risk of failure in Ngagel I Surabaya Water Treatment Plant’s processing unit which still uses a conventional system. So it is necessary to analyze the study of risk of class II raw water use on on the water production quality of Ngagel I IPAM Surabaya.
For the risk analysis, the methods that used in this research assessment are Fishbone Analysis and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). Fishbone Analysis is used to identify the causes or root causes of failures that occur in technical and non-technical aspects using the fishbone diagram depiction. Furthermore, the risk analysis will be identified using the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method by determining the level of failure that occurs using the calculation of the Risk priority number (RPN). The value of the Risk priority number (RPN) is used as a reference in determining failure minimization. The parameters studied as indicators in the identification of risk of failure for raw water are turbidity, pH, TSS, COD, N and P and for production water are turbidity, pH, residual chlorine, and total coliform.
The analysis result of second class of raw water utilization towadards the Ngagel I Surabaya Water Treatment Plant’s production process that there are residual chlorine parameters that exceed the provisions of PerMenKes No. 736 of 2010 which is 1.6 mg/L in production water and the percentage of turbidity removal efficiency in the treatment units is less than the design criteria. So the identified risk of failure is the processing unit’s performance are not optimal. The factors causing potential failure on the technical aspects from the highest to the lowest are residual chlorine, backwash rate filter, filter media thickness, surface loading rate of clearator, Reynold number of pre-sedimentation, Froude number of pre-sedimentation, Reynold number of clearator, flocculator velocity gradient of clearator, velocity gradient on the clearator flocculator, and filter asset disruption. And also determined efforts to minimize the risk of failure from each potential cause of failure, namely by setting the tub inlet discharge on the prasedimentation unit and the clearator unit, setting the discharge and preparation before good backwashing on the filter unit, evaluating the use of the filter unit media thickness, evaluating the specifications of the clearator unit inlet pipe and rehabilitation and replacement of valve unit filter assets.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Air Baku, Air Produksi, Fishbone Analysis, FMEA, IPAM,Raw Water, Production Water, Fishbone Analysis, FMEA, Water Treatment Plant |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD233 Water consumption T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD259.2 Drinking water. Water quality |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Savira Novitasari |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Aug 2021 01:48 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Oct 2024 05:27 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/85286 |
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