Oktavianto, Denny (2021) Studi Numerik Perubahan Mass Flow Rate Secondary Air Seal Pot Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler PLTU Tenayan Riau Dengan Software Computational Particle Fluid Dynamics Barracuda Virtual Reactor 17.4. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Sistem Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) terdiri dari beberapa bagian, salah satunya boiler. Jenis boiler yang memiliki efisiensi pembakaran dan emisi ramah lingkungan adalah Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB). Bagian seal pot pada CFB boiler berfungsi sebagai katup non-mekanik untuk mensirkulasikan kembali bed material akibat adanya secondary air seal pot yang sering mengalami kerusakan overheating akibat penumpukan pasir. Berdasarkan uraian tersebut, maka perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai penumpukan pasir dengan pengaruh mass flow pada seal pot yang berada pada bagian supply chamber dan recycle chamber pada CFB boiler pada PLTU Tenayan Riau.
Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan simulasi secara numerik menggunakan Computational Particle Fluid Dynamics (CPFD) Barracuda Virtual Reactor 17.4 pada bagian seal pot sesuai dengan operasional pada PLTU Tenayan Riau. Variasi yang digunakan adalah pembebanan udara dalam mass flow rate secondary air seal pot pada supply chamber dan recycle chamber sebesar 100%, 150%, 200% dan persentase secondary air pada sisi supply chamber dan recycle chamber seal pot antara lain 57%:43% dan 43%:57%. Selain itu, variasi juga dilakukan pada distribusi ukuran partikel dengan nilai Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) antara lain 154 mikron (SMD1) dan 308 mikron (SMD2), kemudian pengambilan data kualitiatif dengan melihat kontur keseluruhan dan data kuantitatif menggunakan titik transien yang diletakkan pada bagian inlet dan outlet seal pot dari titik tengah hingga mendekati dinding sebanyak 4 titik. Perhitungan kesetimbangan pasir diperoleh dari pengurangan massa kumulatif partikel antara inlet dan outlet.
Hasil simulasi menunjukkan semakin meningkatnya mass flow rate secondary air akan mengakibatkan pengurangan penumpukan pasir di bawah seal pot, namun akan berdampak penumpukan pasir pada outlet seal pot. Selain itu, peningkatan nilai SMD akan mengurangi partikel yang terangkat keluar seal pot. Didapatkan pada perbandingan udara 43%:57% untuk peningkatan 200% SMD1 dengan nilai fraksi volume pasir 0,45 mengalami pengurangan penumpukan terbesar pada bagian bawah seal pot dengan tekanan inlet sebesar 100 kPa dan tekanan outlet maksimum pada dekat dinding berdasarkan data transien sebesar 102,3 kPa, rentang mass flow rate pasir bagian outlet sebesar 0,008 – 0,021 kg/s, namun mengakibatkan penumpukan pasir yang besar pada bagian outlet. Kesetimbangan pasir juga dipengaruhi oleh peningkatan mass flow rate secondary air seal pot dengan persentase terkecil pada perbandingan secondary air seal pot 57%:43% dengan peningkatan 200% didapatkan persentase partikel tertinggal sebesar 17%.
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Steam Power Plant System (PLTU) consists of several parts, including boiler. The type of boiler that has most combustion efficiency and low emissions is Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB). Seal pot of CFB boiler is non-mechanical valve that use to recirculate bed material with secondary air in seal pot that often experience overheating damage due to sand buildup. Based on the description, it is necessary to conduct research on sand buildup with the influence of mass flow on seal pot located in the supply chamber and recycle chamber in CFB boilers at PLTU Tenayan Riau.
The method used in this study is by numerically simulating using Computational Particle Fluid Dynamics (CPFD) Barracuda Virtual Reactor 17.4 in the seal pot section in accordance with the operation at PLTU Tenayan Riau. Variations used are mass flow rate secondary air seal pot by 100%, 150%, 200% and secondary air percentage on the supply chamber and recycle chamber seal pot 57%:43% and 43%:57%. In addition, variations are also made on the distribution of particle sizes with the value of Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) are 154 microns (SMD1) and 308 microns (SMD2) respectively, then the qualitative data served by looking at the overall contours and quantitative data using transient points placed on the inlet and outlet seal pot from the middle point to the wall as much as 4 points. The calculation of sand equilibrium is obtained from the reduction of the cumulative mass particles between inlet and outlet.
The simulation results showed increasing mass flow rate of secondary water result reduction in sand buildup under the seal pot, otherwise will have impact on the sand buildup on the outlet. Increasing the SMD value reduces particles raised out of the seal pot. Obtained at air ratio 43%:57% for an increase of 200% SMD1 with a fraction value of sand volume of 0.45 experienced the largest reduction in buildup at the bottom of the seal pot with an inlet pressure of 100 kPa and maximum outlet pressure near the wall based on transient data of 102.3 kPa, mass flow rate range of sand outlet parts of 0,008 – 0,021 kg/s, resulted a large build-up of sand on the outlet. Sand equilibrium is also influenced by the increase in mass flow rate of secondary air seal pot with the smallest percentage at the ratio of secondary air seal pot 57%:43% with an increase of 200% obtained particles left behind by 17%.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | CFB boiler, CPFD, fluidization, mass flow rate numerical studies, particles, seal pot, secondary air, CFB boiler, CPFD, fluidisasi, mass flow rate, partikel, seal pot, secondary air, studi numerik |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QC Physics > QC151 Fluid dynamics T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.62 Simulation T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ263.5 Boilers (general) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Denny Oktavianto |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Aug 2021 05:47 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Aug 2021 05:47 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/85315 |
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