Sari, Vanila Yuwita (2021) Fitoremediasi Ruangan Dalam (Indoor) Dari Pajanan BTEX Menggunakan Tanaman Hias Dan Pemanfaatan-Praktiknya. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Individu menghabiskan sekitar 80-90% waktunya di dalam ruangan dan beberapa di dalam kendaraan. Kualitas udara yang dihirup di gedung-gedung merupakan penentu kesehatan manusia itu sendiri. Salah satu kontaminan udara adalah volatile organic compounds (VOC) sejenis BTEX. BTEX mengacu pada komponen aromatik yaitu benzena (B), toluena (T), etilbenzena (E), dan xilena (X). Sumber untuk BTEX di dalam ruangan mungkin termasuk masuknya polusi udara luar ruangan, perabotan, produk pembersih, cat dan perekat, pelarut pengusir serangga berbasis senyawa organik, proses pembakaran, floorings, penutup dinding, merokok, penghilang noda, minyak dan berbagai produk plastik, serta dapur. Senyawa BTEX memiliki berbagai efek kesehatannya yang merugikan, seperti sakit kepala, iritasi mata, kelemahan, kelelahan, mual, gangguan pernapasan, dan kanker. Kontak melalui inhalasi dan kulit adalah dua rute utama pajanan BTEX. Sehingga dilakukan kajian studi literatur ini dengan tujuan untuk menentukan mekanisme pajanan BTEX dari sumber ke udara terjadi proses transport senyawa, menentukan transformasi senyawa pajanan BTEX di dalam tubuh manusia dan tanaman hias, mendapatkan jenis-jenis tanaman hias yang dapat menyerap BTEX.
Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian studi literatur ini yaitu dengan mencari data sekunder dari sumber yang sudah ada dan menganalisa jenis senyawa BTEX, sumber BTEX dalam ruangan, ekokinetika dan farmakokinetika BTEX, dampak pajanan, dan upaya penanganan BTEX. Terakhir, dengan mengkaji kasus terkait pajanan BTEX menggunakan metode fitoremediasi ruangan dalam (indoor) di Smoking Area dengan pemanfaatan tanaman hias; dengan membahas tentang rokok dan jenis pencemar yang keluar dari asap rokok, konsentrasi BTEX di dalam ruangan, rancang ragam tanaman yang dapat menyerap pencemar rokok serta operasional dan pemeliharaan pot tanaman di smooking area.
Hasil dari kajian studi literatur ini yaitu tanaman hias yang efektif untuk menangani pajanan BTEX sehingga dapat menjadikan ruang dalam (indoor) yang sehat diantaranya Aloe vera, Dypsis lutescens, Chamaedorea seifrizii, Gerbera jamesonii, Nephrolepis exaltata 'Bostoniensis', Aglaonema modestum, Dracaena fragrans 'Massangeana', Dendrobium spp., Sansevieria trifasciata ’Laurentii’, Dracaena deremensis "Janet Craig", Dracaena marginata, Ficus benjamina, Dieffenbachia spp., Homalomena wallisii, Phalaenopsis spp., Phoenix roebelenii, Nephrolepis obliterata, Hedera helix, Chlorophytum comosum, Epipremnum aureum, Spathiphyllum wallisii 'Mauna Loa', Anthurium andraeanum, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Dracaena deremensis "Warnecke”, dan Zamioculcas zamiifolia. Kemudian dilakukan studi kasus di Smoking Area di Terminal Penumpang Domestik ‘A’ Bandara Adisucipto, Yogyakarta, didapatkan hasil bahwa untuk meremoval pajanan BTEX sebesar 7.058,016 mg dengan konsentrasi 28,008 mg/m3 membutuhakan 32 tanaman Gerbera jamesonii, 32 tanaman Chrysanthemum morifolium, dan 32 tanaman Spathiphyllum wallisii 'Mauna Loa'.
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Individuals spend about 80-90% of their time indoors and some in vehicles. The quality of the air inhaled in buildings is a determinant of human health itself. One of the air contaminants is volatile organic compounds (VOC) like BTEX. BTEX refers to the aromatic components, namely benzene (B), toluene (T), ethylbenzena (E), and xylene (X). Sources for indoor BTEX may include ingress of outdoor air pollutants, furniture, cleaning products, paints and adhesives, organic compound based insect repellent solvents, combustion processes, floorings, wall coverings, smoking, stain removers, oils and various plastic products, as well as kitchen. BTEX compounds have various adverse health effects, such as headaches, eye irritation, weakness, fatigue, nausea, respiratory problems, and cancer. Inhalation and skin contact are the two main routes of BTEX exposure. So, this literature study was carried out with the aim of determining the mechanism of BTEX exposure from the source to the air where the compound transport process occurred, determining the transformation of BTEX exposure compounds in the human body and ornamental plants, obtaining ornamental plants that can absorb BTEX.
The method used in this literature review is to find
secondary data from existing sources and analyze the types of BTEX compounds, indoor sources of BTEX, BTEX ecokinetics and pharmacokinetics, impact of exposure, and BTEX treatment efforts. Finally, by examining cases related to BTEX exposure using the indoor phytoremediation method in the Smoking Area with the use of ornamental plants; by discussing cigarettes and the types of pollutants that come out of cigarette smoke, the concentration of BTEX in the room, designing a variety of plants that can absorb cigarette pollutants and the operation and maintenance of plant pots in the smoking area.
The results of this literature study are ornamental plants that are effective in dealing with BTEX exposure so that they can create a healthy indoor space including Aloe vera, Dypsis lutescens, Chamaedorea seifrizii, Gerbera jamesonii, Nephrolepis exaltata 'Bostoniensis', Aglaonema modestum, Dracaena fragrans 'Massangeana', Dendrobium spp., Sansevieria trifasciata ’Laurentii’, Dracaena deremensis "Janet Craig", Dracaena marginata, Ficus benjamina, Dieffenbachia spp., Homalomena wallisii, Phalaenopsis spp., Phoenix roebelenii, Nephrolepis obliterata, Hedera helix, Chlorophytum comosum, Epipremnum aureum, Spathiphyllum wallisii 'Mauna Loa', Anthurium andraeanum, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Dracaena deremensis "Warnecke”, and Zamioculcas zamiifolia. Then a case study was conducted in the Smoking Area at the Domestic Passenger Terminal 'A' Adisucipto Airport, Yogyakarta, it was found that to remove BTEX exposure of 7,058.016 mg with a concentration of 28.008 mg/m3 requires 32 Gerbera jamesonii plants, 32 Chrysanthemum morifolium plants, and 32 Spathiphyllum wallisii 'Mauna Loa' plant.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Benzena, Etilbenzena, Fitoremediasi, Tanaman Hias, Toluena, Xilena, Benzena, Ethylbenzena, Ornamental Plants, Phytoremediation, Toluena, Xylene |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD192.5 Bioremediation T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD883 Air quality management. T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD883.5 Air--Pollution |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Vanila Yuwita Sari |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Aug 2021 12:18 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Oct 2024 08:44 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/85391 |
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