Analisis Kehilangan Energi Terhadap Efisiensi Water Tube Boiler Di PLTU Kapasitas 2x100 MW

Andini, Sukma Ayu Ari (2021) Analisis Kehilangan Energi Terhadap Efisiensi Water Tube Boiler Di PLTU Kapasitas 2x100 MW. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Dalam sistem PLTU, boiler memiliki peranan yang sangat penting karena boiler merupakan alat yang sangat dibutuhkan dalam proses konversi energi panas dari bahan bakar menjadi energi kinetik uap bertemperatur dan bertekanan. Performa boiler sangat perlu diperhatikan karena nilai efisiensinya yang dapat dilihat layak atau tidaknya pembangkit tersebut beroperasi. Semakin tinggi efisiensi boiler maka semakin bagus pula performa boiler di lapangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghitung efisiensi boiler dengan menggunakan metode tidak langsung (heat loss) yang ditinjau dari flue gasnya sesuai dengan standar ASME PTC 4.1 Power Test Code Steam Generating Units sehingga dapat diketahui neraca kalor bahan bakar dan energi pada setiap aliran yang akan memudahkan dalam mencari opsi-opsi guna meningkatkan efisiensi boiler.
Metodologi yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Metode ini memiliki tujuan menjelaskan dengan menggunakan angka yang menggambarkan subjek yang diteliti, yang mana dalam penelitian ini dilakukan analisis siklus energi pada sistem boiler. Maka data yang diperlukan adalah sampel berupa data record kinerja boiler pada tanggal 24-26 Juli 2018. Selain itu dibutuhkan data-data penunjang seperti data flue gas fuel analysis, data hasil Ultimate bahan bakar, serta LHV (Low Heating Value) dan HHV (High Heating Value).
Dengan melakukan pemantauan selama 3 hari menghasilkan efisiensi terendah pada tanggal 25 Juli 2018 beban 75 MW dengan efisiensi mencapai 87,456 %, sedangkan efisiensi tertinggi terjadi pada tanggal 26 Juli 2018 beban 60 MW dengan efisiensi mencapai 87,81%. Hasil perhitungan menggunakan metode heat loss dengan 3 hari pemantauan ditemukan losses rata-rata karena adanya kandungan air pada bahan bakar sebesar 0,8375%, losses karena adanya kandungan air pada pembakaran hydrogen sebesar 4,174%, losses karena gas buang kering (dry flue gas) mencapai 6,6051% , losses karena adanya kandungan air dalam udara pembakaran mencapai 0,124%, losses karena radiasi mencapai 0,2667%, dan losses yang tak terukur diasumsikan sebesar 0,35%. Dengan ini efisiensi boiler mengalami penurunan dari kondisi saat pertama kali beroperasi dengan penurunan rata-rata sebesar 2,7267%.
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In the Power Plant system, the boiler has a vital role
because the boiler is an indispensable tool in converting thermal energy from the fuel into kinetic energy of steam at temperature and pressure. Boiler performance needs to be considered because its efficiency value can be seen whether or not the generator is operating properly—the higher efficiency of the boiler, the better the boiler's performance in the field. The purpose of this study is
to calculate the boiler efficiency using the indirect method (heat loss), which is seen from the flue gas following the standards of ASME PTC 4.1 Power Test Code Steam Generating Units that can be known balance calorific fuel and energy in every stream that will facilitate the look for options to improve boiler efficiency.
The methodology used is descriptive quantitative method.
This method aims to explain by using numbers to describe the subject, which in this research is an analysis of the energy cycle in the boiler system. Supporting data are needed such as flue gas analysis, fuel analysis, Ultimate fuel analysis, as well as LHV (Low Heating Value) and HHV (High Heating Value).
By monitoring for three days, the lowest efficiency was on July 25, 2018, with a load of 75 MW with an efficiency reaching 87.456%, while the highest efficiency occurred on July 26, 2018, with a pack of 60 MW with an efficiency reaching 87.81%. The calculation results using the heat loss method with three days of monitoring found the average losses due to the water content in the fuel of 0.8375%, losses due to the water content in hydrogen
combustion of 4.174%, losses due to dry flue gas. Reached
6.6051%, losses due to the presence of water in the combustion air reached 0.124%, losses due to radiation reached 0.2667%, and unmeasured losses were assumed to be 0.35%. The boiler's efficiency had decreased from the conditions when it was first operated, with an average decrease of 2.7267%

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Performa, boiler, heat loss, efisiensi
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ263.5 Boilers (general)
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	Sukma Ayu Ari Andini
Date Deposited:	11 Aug 2021 13:58
Last Modified:	11 Aug 2021 13:58
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/85556

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