Rahman, Teva Delani (2021) Makna Ruang Perempuan pada Rumah Tinggal Suku Tengger di Desa Ngadas Malang. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Rumah Tengger yang terletak di pegunungan memiliki pengaturan ruang yang selalu sama, meskipun fasad berubah. Ruang ini adalah ruang perempuan; ruang pawon, petangaring, dan pedaringan. Perempuan Tengger memiliki keunikan dari peran dan sikap yang terekspresikan pada tanda arsitektural ruangnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membaca makna ruang perempuan dan menemukan keterkaitannya dengan nilai filosofis perempuan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mengembangkan teori makna arsitektur khususnya dari perspektif perempuan dan menambah konsep perancangan yang mempertimbangkan makna.
Paradigma yang digunakan adalah konstruktivisme dengan metode kualitatif dan pendekatan fenomenologi. Data diperoleh dari kajian pustaka, wawancara mendalam pada perempuan stakeholder dan observasi ruangnya di rumah tinggal Desa Ngadas Tengger. Data dianalisis menggunakan teori semiotika arsitektur Ogden-Richards. Hasil akhir dibahas dengan metode kritik interpretatif.
Berdasar hasil penelitian, secara simbolik ruang perempuan memiliki makna kekuasaan, keeksistensian dan kebebasan perempuan, keakraban dan persatuan, keselamatan dan rezeki, kehangatan dan kesederhanaan yang terekspresikan melalui keterhubungan ruang, akses khusus, orientasi, penataan dan material perabot, pola sirkulasi, aktivitas, penerangan, dan suasana dalam ruang. Secara indeksial, ruang perempuan bermakna keterhubungan fungsi, pemenuhan kebutuhan esensial perempuan serta sebagai ruang utama dalam rumah. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa makna ruang perempuan dipengaruhi oleh sikap, peran, dan sifat perempuan sebagai pelaku utama dalam ruang. Pengaturan ruang di rumah Tengger, mengingatkan penghuni untuk selalu berbuat kebaikan di dunia agar tercipta keselarasan dan keseimbangan hidup.
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The Tengger Houses located in the mountainous area has primary spatial arrangements that are always present, even when the house façade changed. These spaces are women's spaces; Pawon space, Petangaring, and Pedaringan. Tengger women are unique in their roles and attitudes expressed in their spaces’ architectural signs. This study aimed to read the meaning of women's spaces and find their relationship with women's philosophical values. This study was expected to develop a theory of architectural meaning, especially from women’s perspective, and add to the design concept that considers meaning.
The paradigm used was constructivism with a qualitative method and phenomenological approaches. Data were obtained from a literature review, in-depth interviews with women stakeholders, and observations of their spaces in Tengger House in Ngadas Village. Data were analyzed using the Ogden-Richards architectural semiotic theory. The final results were discussed using the interpretive criticism method.
Based on the study results, symbolically the women's space has the meaning of power, existence and freedom of women, intimacy and unity, safety and sustenance, warmth and simplicity, which is expressed through the connectedness of space, special access, orientation, arrangement and furniture materials, circulation patterns, activities, lighting, and the atmosphere in the space. Indexially, the women's space means of the connectedness of functions, the fulfillment of women's essential needs, and the house’s main space. This study concluded that the meaning of women's spaces was influenced by the women’s attitudes, roles, and characteristics as the main actors. The spatial arrangement in Tengger's House reminded occupants always to do good in the world to create harmony and balance in life.
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