Simulasi Cycle-Tempo Pengaruh Rasio Co-firing Dengan Variasi Jenis Biomassa Terhadap Performa PLTU 710 MW

Sirait, Dicson Samuel (2021) Simulasi Cycle-Tempo Pengaruh Rasio Co-firing Dengan Variasi Jenis Biomassa Terhadap Performa PLTU 710 MW. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Co-firing pada PLTU merupakan proses pencampuran biomassa sebagai pengganti parsial batu bara dengan tujuan untuk mengurangi emisi GRK. Namun begitu, pengaplikasian co-firing pada PLTU harus memperhatikan jenis biomassa dan rasio co-firing yang digunakan. Objek yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah PLTU dengan kapasitas 710 MW. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh rasio co-firing terhadap daya pemakaian sendiri dan terhadap efisiensi neto dan NPHR pada PLTU 710 MW.
Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan software Cycle-Tempo. Nantinya, setiap variasi pada penelitian akan memiliki kalor konstan sehingga daya yang dihasilkan pada setiap variasi sama, yakni sebesar 710 MW. Sebagai baseline, PLTU 710 MW akan menggunakan batu bara 5710 kcal/kg. Pada variasi, bahan bakar yang digunakan adalah campuran batu bara 5100 kcal/kg dengan variasi jenis biomassa berupa serbuk gergaji, pelet kayu, sekam padi, serpihan kayu halus, dan cangkang kelapa sawit. Pencampuran dilaksanakan dengan variasi rasio co-firing sebesar 0,1%, 1%, 5%, 7,5%, dan 10%.
Berdasarkan hasil simulasi, peningkatan rasio co-firing menyebabkan peningkatan mass flow rate bahan bakar pada semua co-firing. Peningkatan rasio co-firing juga menyebabkan penurunan mass flow rate udara pada semua co-firing, kecuali co-firing sekam padi. Pada mass flow rate flue gas, terjadi peningkatan trendline pada semua co-firing, kecuali pelet kayu dan cangkang kelapa sawit. Ketiga kondisi ini menyebabkan peningkatan daya pulverizer pada semua co-firing, penurunan daya PA fan dan SA fan pada semua jenis variasi co-firing, kecuali co-firing sekam padi, dan peningkatan daya ID fan pada semua co-firing, kecuali co-firing pelet kayu dan co-firing cangkang kelapa sawit. Daya pemakaian sendiri meningkat pada semua variasi co-firing. Bahan bakar co-firing dengan daya pemakaian sendiri terbesar dari co-firing 0,1%, 1%, 5%, 7,5%, dan 10% adalah co-firing sekam padi yakni sebesar 40560,88 kW, 40720,01 kW, 41443,03 kW, 41097,68 kW, dan 42381,39 kW sedangkan yang terkecil adalah co-firing pelet kayu yakni 40557,05 kW, 40656,41 kW, 41106,82 kW, 41386,79 kW, dan 41671,06 kW. Peningkatan daya pemakaian sendiri membuat NPHR meningkat dan efisiensi neto menurun seiring dengan meningkatnya rasio co-firing. Bahan bakar co-firing dengan peningkatan NPHR dan penurunan efisiensi neto terbesar dari co-firing 0,1%, 1%, 5%, 7,5%, dan 10% adalah sekam padi yakni sebesar 2172,35 kcal/kwh dan 39,608%, 2172,87 kcal/kwh dan 39,598%, 2175,22 kcal/kwh dan 39,556%, 2176,73 kcal/kwh dan 39,528%, dan 2178,273 kcal/kwh dan 39,5%, sedangkan yang terendah adalah pelet kayu yakni 2172,34 kcal/kwh dan 39,608%, 2172,66 kcal/kwh dan 39,602%, 2174,12 kcal/kwh dan 39,576%, 2175,03 kcal/kwh dan 39,559%, dan 2175,96 kcal/kwh dan 39,542%.
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Co-firing in Coal Fired Power Plant (CFPP) is a process to
substitute and mix biomass with coal to reduce Greenhouse Gas
emission in CFPP. However, the application of co-firing to CFPP
have to concern about type of biomass and co-firing ratio which is
used in CFPP. The co-firing ratio should not be arbitrary because
the difference in co-firing ratio will affect the performance and the
cost of production of CFPP. Object that is used in this study is
CFPP with a capacity of 710 MW. The objective of this study is to
determine the effect of co-firing ratio on auxiliary power
consumption and the effect of co-firing ratio on net efficiency and
NPHR of 710 MW CFPP.
This study is conducted by using Cycle-Tempo. The heat
input for all variation constant in order to maintain constant load,
710 MW, in all variation. For baseline, 710 MW CFPP issimulated
using 5710 kcal/kg of coal. After that, 710 MW CFPP is simulated
using fuel that contain co-firing between coal and biomass. 5100
kcal/kg of coal is mixed with different type of biomass, i.e. sawdust,
wood pellet, fine wood chip, rice husk, and oil palm kernel shell
and different ratio of co-firing, i.e. 0,1%, 1%, 5%, 7,5% and 10%.
The result of simulation is about auxiliary power consumption, net
efficiency and NPHR for each type of variation.
Based on simulation, mass flow rate of fuel (coal and
biomass co-firing) increase in all variation. Meanwhite, mass flow
rate of air decrease in all type of biomass co-firing, except for rice
husk co-firing, along with the increase in co-firing ratio. Mass flow
rate of flue gas increase in trendline for co-firing of rice husk,
sawdust, and fine wood chip but decrease in trendline for co-firing
of wood pellet and oil palm kernel shell. These condition cause
increase in power of pulverizer for all variation, decrease in power
of PA fan and SA fan for all variation, except for rice husk cofiring, and increase in power of ID fan for all variation, except for
wood pellet and palm kernel shell oil co-firing. In all variation of
biomass co-firing, auxiliary power consumption is increasing as
the co-firing ratio increase. The co-firing with the largest increase
in auxiliary power consumption from co-firing ratio 0,1%, 1%, 5%,
7,5%, and 10% is rice husk that is 40560,88 kW, 40720,01 kW,
41443,03 kW, 41097,68 kW, and 42381,39 kW, while the lowest is
wood pellet that is 40557,05 kW, 40656,41 kW, 41106,82 kW,
41386,79 kW, and 41671,06 kW. The increase in auxiliary power
consumption makes NPHR increase and net efficiency decrease as
the co-firing ratio increase. The co-firing with the highest increase
in NPHR and decrease in net efficiency from co-firing ratio 0,1%,
1%, 5%, 7,5%, and 10% is rice husk that is 2172,35 kcal/kwh and
39,608%, 2172,87 kcal/kwh and 39,598%, 2175,22 kcal/kwh and
39,556%, 2176,73 kcal/kwh and 39,528%, and 2178,273 kcal/kwh
and 39,5%, while the lowest increase in NPHR and decrease in net
efficiency is wood pellet that is 2172,34 kcal/kwh and 39,608%,
2172,66 kcal/kwh and 39,602%, 2174,12 kcal/kwh and 39,576%,
2175,03 kcal/kwh and 39,559%, and 2175,96 kcal/kwh and
39,542%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Co-firing, Daya Pemakaian Sendiri, PLTU, Auxiliary Power Consumption, Co-firing Coal Fired Power Plant
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Dicson Samuel Sirait
Date Deposited:	19 Aug 2021 05:29
Last Modified:	19 Aug 2021 05:29
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/87601

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