Dewi, Ni Wayan Aristya and Pratama, Adhek Kurnia (2021) Optimasi Peralatan Pemisah Gas dan Padatan Pada Pabrik Sodium Sulfat Dekahidrat (Na2SO4.10H2O) dengan Metode Mannheim. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
Text
10411710000003_10411710000071_Undergraduatae thesis for D4.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only until 1 October 2023. Download (1MB) | Request a copy |
Abstract
Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistik dan Kementerian Perindustrian Republik Indonesia kebutuhan impor natrium sulfat di Indonesia (tahun 2010 hingga tahun 2014) rata – rata pertahunnya sebesar 218.967,238 ton/tahun sedangkan kebutuhan impor di tahun 2025 mencapai 752.069,521 ton/tahun dengan semakin meningkatnya kebutuhan sodium sulfat memberikan peluang ntuk mendirikan sebuah pabrik Sodium Sulfat Proses dalam pembuatan sodium sulfat pada industri kimia yang umum digunakan ada dua macam, yaitu Proses Hagreaves-Robinson dan Proses Mannheim. Setelah dilakukan perbandingan antara kedua proses tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Proses Mannheim memiliki lebih banyak keunggulan. Sehingga, Proses Manhheim dipilih sebagai proses utama dalam produksi sodium sulfat dekahidrat. Proses produksi sodium sulfat dekahidrat terbagi dalam tiga tahap. Tahap pertama yaitu tahap reaksi, dimana sodium klorida direaksikan dengan asam sulfat di dalam furnace dengan suhu operasi 800°C. Sodium sulfat yang terbentuk masih mengandung campuran impurities yang berasal dari NaCl sehingga perlu direaksikan dengan sodium karbonat dan kalsium hidroksida dengan penambahan air untuk mengendapkan impurities. Setelah keluar dari furnace, sodium sulfat dipindahkan menuju reaktor. Selanjutnya fluida dipompakan menuju filter press untuk memisahkan endapan impurities dengan larutan sodium sulfat. Tahap kedua yaitu tahap kristalisasi yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan crystallizer dengan suhu operasi 5°C, selanjutnya kristal yang telah terbentuk dialirkan menuju centrifuge sebelum akhirnya dikeringkan di rotary dryer. Selanjutnya, kristal sodium sulfat diseragamkan ukurannya sebesar 200 mesh dengan menggunakan mill dan screen. Tahap ketiga yaitu tahap pengolahan gas HCl yang merupakan hasil samping reaksi utama yang dilakukan dengan mengalirkan gas HCl ke dalam spray condensor. Selanjutnya larutan HCl yang terbentuk disimpan di tangki penyimpan.Pabrik Sodium Sulfat yang dirancang memiliki kapasitas 300.000 ton/tahun yang diambil dari 40% kebutuhan impor di tahun 2025. Lokasi pabrik Sodium Sulfat yang akan direncanakan didirikan di kawasan Sumenep, Madura, Jawa Timur. Laba bersih yang diperoleh sebesar Rp.39.581.178.000/ tahun . Didapatkan BEP sebesar 73,82 %..
=======================================================================================================
Based on data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency and
the Ministry of Industry of the Republic of Indonesia, the need for imports
of sodium sulfate in Indonesia (2010 to 2014) averaged 218,967,238
tons/year, while the import needs in 2025 reached 752,069,521 tons/year.
with the increasing demand for sodium sulfate provides an opportunity to
establish a Sodium Sulphate factory. There are two processes in the
manufacture of sodium sulfate in the chemical industry, namely the
Hagreaves-Robinson Process and the Mannheim Process. After
comparing the two processes, it can be concluded that the Mannheim
Process has more advantages. Thus, the Manhheim Process was chosen
as the main process in the production of sodium sulfate decahydrate. The
production process of sodium sulfate decahydrate is divided into three
stages. The first stage is the reaction stage, where sodium chloride is
reacted with sulfuric acid in a furnace with an operating temperature of
800°C. The formed sodium sulfate still contains a mixture of impurities
from NaCl so it needs to be reacted with sodium carbonate and calcium
hydroxide with the addition of water to precipitate the impurities. After
leaving the furnace, sodium sulfate is transferred to the reactor. Next, the
fluid is pumped to the filter press to separate the impurities from the
sodium sulfate solution. The second stage is the crystallization stage
which is carried out using a crystallizer with an operating temperature of
5°C, then the crystals that have been formed are flowed into a centrifuge before finally being dried in a rotary dryer. Next, the sodium sulfate
crystals were homogenized in size to 200 mesh using a mill and screen.
The third stage is the processing of HCl gas which is a by-product of the
main reaction carried out by flowing HCl gas into the spray condenser.
Furthermore, the HCl solution formed is stored in a storage tank. The
designed Sodium Sulphate plant has a capacity of 300,000 tons/year
which is taken from 40% of the import needs in 2025. The planned
location of the Sodium Sulphate plant is in the Sumenep area, Madura,
East Java. The net profit earned is Rp.39,581,178,000/year. Obtained
BEP of 73.82%.
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
---|---|
Uncontrolled Keywords: | Sodium Sulphate, Sulfuric Acid, Mannheim, Sodium Sulfat, , Asam Sulfat, Mannheim |
Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD3656 Inspection. Factory inspection |
Divisions: | Faculty of Vocational > 24305-Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology |
Depositing User: | Ni Wayan Aristya Dewi |
Date Deposited: | 20 Aug 2021 14:05 |
Last Modified: | 20 Aug 2021 14:05 |
URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/88027 |
Actions (login required)
View Item |