Pemilihan Jenis Reaktor Pada Proses Mixed Acid Route Di Pabrik Pupuk NPK

Nahara, Annisa Ridha and Mustafa, Aghin Asrofi (2021) Pemilihan Jenis Reaktor Pada Proses Mixed Acid Route Di Pabrik Pupuk NPK. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pupuk menjadi salah satu kebutuhan pokok pertanian di negara agraris. Salah satunya yaitu penggunaan pupuk NPK sebagai salah satu pupuk bersubsidi yang banyak digunakan oleh petani dalam menunjang pertanian baik di dalam. Banyaknya pupuk yang diproduksi oleh suatu industri juga harus dipertimbangkan nilai ekspor dan impornya sehingga dipilihnya kapasitas sebesar 240.000 ton/tahun untuk mencukupi kebutuhan pupuk dalam negri maupun luar negeri. Lokasi yang dipilih untuk pendirian pabrik pupuk NPK ini yaitu di Ngimbang, Lamongan, Jawa Timur. Pembuatan pupuk NPK menggunakan metode mixed acid route. Mixed acid route merupakan pokok dari proses ini dimana terjadi di dalam sebuah reaktor pereaksian dari bahan baku cair berupa H3PO4, NH3, dan H2SO4. Hasil slurry kemudian dicampurkan dengan bahan padat berupa KCl, ZA, dan Urea. Kemudian dilanjutkan tahanpan pengeringan, pendinginan, screening dan coating. Namun proses reaksi pencampuran menjadi proses utama sehingga perlu digunakan reaktor yang sesuai agar reaksai dapat optimal. Terdapat dua jenis reaktor yang dapat digunakan yaitu reaktor berjenis plug flow dan reaktor CSTR. Peninjauan kinetika dilakukan untuk memilih reaktor yang sesuai untuk digunakan, selain itu biaya instalasi dan perawatan juga menjadi pertimbangan dalam pemilihan suatu alat. Berdasarkan hasil peninjauan kinetika maka reaktor yang akan digunakan adalah reaktor CSTR dengan beberapa keunggulan yang dimiliki seperti biaya operasinya rendah, waktu tinggalnya seragam, dan optimal untuk reaksi fase cair-cair. Pabrik ini direncanakan beroperasi secara kontinyu selama 300 hari/tahun dengan basis 24 jam/hari. Berdasarkan analisa kelayakan ekonomi , pabrik pupuk NPK dengan kapasitas 240.000 ton/tahun telah layak untuk didirikan dengan NPV, IRR, POT dan BEP yang diperoleh sebesar Rp347.643.804.485, 27,7%; 6,47 tahun dan 53,98%.
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Fertilizer is one of the basic needs of agriculture in an agrarian country. NPK fertilizer as one of the subsidized fertilizers that are widely used by farmers in supporting agriculture. The amount of fertilizer produced by an industry must also be considered for the value of exports and imports so that a capacity of 240,000 tons/year is chosen to meet domestic and foreign fertilizer needs. The location chosen for the establishment of this NPK fertilizer factory is Ngimbang, Lamongan, East Java. The manufacture of NPK fertilizer uses the mixed acid route method. The mixed acid route is the essence of this process which occurs in a reactor, reacting liquid raw materials in the form of H3PO4, NH3, and H2SO4. The resulting slurry is then mixed with solid materials in the form of KCl, ZA, and Urea. Then proceed with drying, cooling, screening and coating. However, the mixing reaction process is the main process so it is necessary to use an appropriate type of reactor so that the reaction can be optimal. There are two types of reactors that can be used, namely plug flow reactors and CSTR reactors. A kinetics review is carried out to select the appropriate reactor to be used, in addition, installation and maintenance costs are also a consideration in the optioning of the type. Based on the results of the kinetics review, the reactor to be used is the CSTR reactor with several advantages such as low operating costs, uniform residence time, and optimal for liquid liquid phase reactions. This plant is planned to operate continuously for 300 days/year on a 24 hour/day basis. Based on the economic feasibility analysis, an NPK fertilizer plant with a capacity of 240,000 tons/year has been feasible to be established with NPV, IRR, POT and BEP obtained amounting to Rp347,643,804,485, 27.7%; 6.47 years and 53.98%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	pupuk NPK, mixed acid route, reaktor, NPK fertilizer, reactor.
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD502 Chemical kinetics S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) > S633.5 Fertilizers T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 24305-Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology
Depositing User:	Annisa Ridha Nahara
Date Deposited:	22 Aug 2021 06:43
Last Modified:	22 Aug 2021 06:43
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/88231

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