Attori, Zahra Nurkarima Budiwati (2021) Analisis Nilai Bisnis Green Information Technology Berdasarkan Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan-Perusahaan Indonesia. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Jumlah industri di Indonesia semakin berkembang setiap tahunnya. Industri manufaktur merupakan penyumbang PDB terbesar, sehingga ekonomi nasional turut berkembang juga. Untuk mendukung aktivitas industri, investasi infrastruktur TIK penting dilakukan. Walaupun mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi, industri dan TIK dapat mengakibatkan rusaknya lingkungan, terutama karena emisi karbon dan limbah yang berbahaya. Salah satu upaya ramah lingkungan yang perlu diperhatikan adalah teknologi informasi ramah lingkungan atau green information technology (GIT). GIT secara umum didefinisikan sebagai pemanfaatan TIK yang dapat mengurangi dampak buruk proses bisnis pada lingkungan secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Perusahaan dapat menerapkan GIT untuk menanggulangi isu lingkungan, mematuhi peraturan pemerintah, sekaligus meraih keunggulan kompetitif. Telah banyak penelitian yang dilakukan untuk membuktikan dampak positif implementasi inisiatif ramah lingkungan terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan, tetapi tidak banyak ditemukan yang berfokus pada GIT, terutama di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia. Untuk itu, penelitian ini berusaha untuk menghadirkan bukti empiris mengenai dampak implementasi GIT terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan di Indonesia. Indikator keuangan yang diamati antara lain ROA, COGSS, OM, dan MV/BV. Analisis konten dilakukan pada 50 perusahaan yang terdaftar di BEI dalam periode tahun 2015-2019. Ditemukan dari model estimasi regresi data panel bahwa implementasi GIT berpengaruh pada COGSS yang menandakan bahwa investasi GIT membutuhkan komitmen dari perusahaan yang menerapkannya. Model estimasi juga membuktikan bahwa GIT menimbulkan dampak jangka panjang yang ditandai dengan pengaruh positif pada nilai OM dalam periode 2 tahun setelah implementasi. Karena manfaat ekonomisnya, alternatif strategi implementasi GIT telah disusun berdasarkan analisis SWOT oleh pakar dengan faktor yang memiliki bobot paling besar adalah mengurangi dampak buruk pada lingkungan, skill SDM, peraturan pemerintah yang mendukung GIT, dan penegakan dalam peraturan terkait isu lingkungan. Matriks IE merekomendasikan strategi hold and maintain yang dapat diadopsi dan diadaptasi menurut masing-masing profil perusahaan. Secara garis besar penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan literatur mengenai implikasi ekonomis dari adopsi GIT dalam konteks negara berkembang, khususnya Indonesia.
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Industries in Indonesia keep expanding over the years, allowing its economy to continue growing, as manufacturing industries are the most predominant contributor to the nation’s GDP. To further support industrial activities that lead to economic growth, investment in ICT infrastructure is substantial. However, both industries and ICT leave negative impacts on the environment, particularly carbon emission and toxic waste. This phenomenon has led to the proliferation of the topic of environmental sustainability. One of the most important efforts is green information technology (GIT). GIT is defined as the utilization of ICT that can directly or indirectly reduce the adverse impact of business processes on the environment. Companies could implement GIT to address environmental issues and as a compliance with government regulations, as well as to attain competitive advantages as studies have shown. Studies have been conducted to measure the business value of green initiatives, but not many have focused on GIT, particularly in developing countries. To address this gap in the literature, this research aims to provide empirical evidence on the possible effect of GIT implementation on Indonesian companies’ financial performances. Financial ratios examined in this study include ROA, COGSS, OM, and MV/BV. Using content analysis of published annual reports and financial data of 50 companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period of 2015-2019, a set of GIT implementation data and financial ratios is collected to be estimated using panel data regression as the empirical model. Upon rendering the estimation model, the association between GIT and COGSS revealed that GIT investment requires firms’ financial commitment. Estimation has also uncovered the 2-year lagged positive effect of GIT implementation on OM. Based on the results, a recommendation on GIT implementation strategy alternatives has been formulated through a SWOT analysis conducted by experts. The most weighted factors include reducing the adverse impact on the environment, skills of the human resource, government regulation supporting GIT, and law enforcement on sustainable practices. Hold and maintain strategy is recommended for businesses to implement more of the GIT solutions. Overall, this study extends the understanding of financial performance implications of environmentally friendly information technologies in the context of developing countries, especially Indonesia.
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Teknologi Informasi Ramah Lingkungan, Kinerja Keuangan, Nilai Bisnis, Indonesia, Green Information Technology, Financial Performance, Business Value, Indonesia |
Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HA Statistics > HA31.3 Regression. Correlation H Social Sciences > HG Finance > HG4012 Mathematical models |
Divisions: | Faculty of Creative Design and Digital Business (CREABIZ) > Technology Management > 61101-(S2) Master Thesis |
Depositing User: | Zahra Nurkarima Budiwati Attori |
Date Deposited: | 22 Aug 2021 01:17 |
Last Modified: | 22 Aug 2021 01:17 |
URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/88318 |
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