Efisiensi Ukuran Dan Jumlah Plate Di Kolom Distilasi Di Pabrik Bioetanol Dari Batang Jagung Dengan Proses Hidrolisa Enzim Dan Dehidrasi Molecular Sieve

Wulandari, Siti and Alfaridzi, Mohamad Dwi (2021) Efisiensi Ukuran Dan Jumlah Plate Di Kolom Distilasi Di Pabrik Bioetanol Dari Batang Jagung Dengan Proses Hidrolisa Enzim Dan Dehidrasi Molecular Sieve. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Batang jagung merupakan limbah agrikultur yang mengandung selulosa yang berpotensi sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bioetanol. Proses produksi dilakukan dengan menggunakan proses hidrolisa enzim dengan metode pretreatment delignifikasi alkali dan dehidrasi molecular sieve. Pabrik dengan kapasitas produksi sebesar 16.751.285kg/tahun akan didirikan di Kabupaten Tuban, Jawa Timur, dengan pertimbangan kemudahan akses bahan baku dan distribusi produk. Proses pembuatan bioetanol meliputi 5 tahap. Tahap delignifikasi bahan baku menggunakan H2SO4 dan tekanan atmosferis. Tahap hidrolisis lignoselulosa menjadi gula sederhana dengan bantuan enzim a-amilase dan β-cellubiase. Tahap fermentasi sirup gula menjadi etanol dilakukan menggunakan yeast Saccharomyces cerevisae pada 32°C dan tekanan atmosferis. Tahap pemisahan etanol dari beer hasil fermentasi dilakukan dengan metode distilasi. Tahap pemurnian etanol dilakukan dengan metode dehidrasi menggunakan molecular sieve zeolit, hingga diperoleh kadar produk akhir sebesar 99,98%. Pabrik ini direncanakan berlokasi di Tuban, Jawa Timur dan beroperasi secara semi continue dengan operasi 300 hari/tahun; 24 jam/hari. Kapasitas produksi yang dihasilkan 16.751.285kg/tahun bioethanol 99,98 %. Bahan baku yang digunakan adalah batang jagung sebesar 185.149,97 kg/hari dengan komposisi selulosa 42,6%, hemiselulosa 21,3%, lignin 8,3%, serta bahan pembantu: H2SO4 15.705,12 kg/hari, Ca(OH)2 19.765,284 kg/hari,Enzim selulose 139,069 kg/hari, Z.Mobilis 125,28 kg/hari, DAP 55,95 kg/hari, dan CSL 451,04 kg/hari. Pabrik ini mendapatkan Laju Pengembalian Modal (IRR) dengan i sebesar 48% sehingga layak didirikan, Waktu Pengembalian Modal (POT) minimum sebelum pajak adalah 2,7 tahun, Titik Impas (BEP) didapatkan sebesar 13% dan Titik BEP terjadi pada kapasitas produksi Rp. 2.510.771,996 kg/tahun, dan Net Present Value (NPV) didapatkan sebesar Rp. 376.534.906.579,07.
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Corn stalks are agricultural waste containing cellulose which has the potential as raw material for bioethanol production. The production process is carried out using an enzyme hydrolysis process with alkaline delignification and molecular sieve dehydration pretreatment methods. A factory with a production capacity of 16,751,285kg/year will be established in Tuban Regency, East Java, with consideration of easy access to raw materials and product distribution. The process of making bioethanol includes 5 stages. The raw material delignification stage uses H2SO4 and atmospheric pressure. The stage of hydrolysis of lignocellulose into simple sugars with the help of amylase and cellubiase enzymes. The stage of fermentation of sugar syrup into ethanol was carried out using yeast Saccharomyces cerevisae at 32°C and atmospheric pressure. The separation step of ethanol from fermented beer is carried out by the distillation method. The ethanol purification step was carried out by dehydration method using molecular sieve zeolite, to obtain the final product content of 99.98%. This factory is planned to be located in Tuban, East Java and operates on a semi-continuous basis with operations of 300 days/year; 24 hours/day. The resulting production capacity is 16,751,285kg/year of 99.98% bioethanol. The raw materials used are corn stalks of 185,149.97 kg/day with a composition of 42.6% cellulose, 21.3% hemicellulose, 8.3% lignin, and auxiliary materials: H2SO4 15,705.12 kg/day, Ca(OH)2 19,765,284 kg/day, Cellulose enzyme 139,069 kg/day, Z.Mobilis 125,28 kg/day, DAP 55,95 kg/day, and CSL 451,04 kg/day. This factory gets a Return on Capital (IRR) with an i of 48% so it is feasible to build, the minimum Payback Time (POT) before tax is 2.7 years, the Break-even Point (BEP) is 13% and the BEP point occurs at a production capacity of Rp. 2,510,771,996 kg/year, and the Net Present Value (NPV) was Rp. 376,534,906,579.07.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	bioetanol, hidrolisis, batang jagung, molecular sieve, bioethanol, hydrolysis, corn stalk, molecular sieve
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP339 Ethanol as fuel. Biomass energy.
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 24305-Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology
Depositing User:	Siti Wulandari
Date Deposited:	22 Aug 2021 08:18
Last Modified:	22 Aug 2021 08:18
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/88387

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