Muhammad, Amry (2021) Konsep Penyediaan Infrastruktur Evakuasi, Pencarian Dan Penyelamatan Korban Untuk Menghadapi Dampak Dari Potensi Bencana Gempa Bumi Di Kota Surabaya. Undergraduate thesis, INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER.
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Abstract
Infrastruktur evakuasi, pencarian dan penyelamatan korban sangat krusial pada fase tanggap darurat karena menyangkut tingkat kerugian dan korban jiwa yang ditimbulkan oleh bencana. Kompleksitas dan tata letak jaringan perkotaan dapat menyulitkan operasi dimana tim penyelamat berpacu dengan waktu untuk dapat menemukan korban dalam keadaan hidup. Kota Surabaya dilalui Sesar Waru dan Sesar surabaya yang bergerak aktif dengan kecepatan masing-masing 0,05 dan 0,1 mm/tahun yang berpotensi menyebabkan gempa dengan kekuatan antara 6,0-6,9 SR. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan perumusan konsep penyediaan infrastruktur evakuasi, pencarian dan penyelamatan korban sehingga untuk menghadapi dampak potensi gempa bumi.
Penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan 3 indikator penelitan yaitu teknologi penyelamatan, ketersediaan medis dan keterlibatan masyarakat. Metode analisa pada sasaran 1 menggunakan teknik analisa content analysis yang dilakukan melalui hasil indepth interview kepada beberapa stakeholder yang dipilih berdasarkan purposive sampling. Hasil sasaran 1 adalah kriteria-kriteria penyediaan infrastruktur evakuasi, pencarian dan penyelamatan untuk menghadapi gempa bumi. Sementara metode analisa pada sasaran 2 menggunakan teknik validasi triangulasi dengan membandingkan 3 sumber yaitu, opini responden, best practice, dan pedoman/ kebijakan. Hasil dari sasaran 2 adalah konsep penyediaan infrastruktur evakuasi, pencarian dan penyelamatan untuk menghadapi potensi gempa bumi di Kota Surabaya.
Hasil sasaran 1 berupa 46 kriteria terkait teknologi penyelamatan, alat medis dan peralatan penanggulangan bencana yang memperhatikan proses penyediaan dan pemeliharaan, jenis peralatan, penyimpanannya, dan perlibatan berbagai sektor dalam rangka persiapan, pemahaman dan pelatihan tim serta pelatihan dan sosialisasi pemahaman kepada masyarakat. Hasil kriteria tersebut menjadi acuan unutk perumusan konsep penyediaan infrastruktur evakuasi, pencarian dan penyelamatan korban. Hasil Konsep penyediaan di sasaran 2 dibagi kedalam 3 fase bencana: 1) Fase mitigasi, berfokus pada persiapan yang dilakukan terkait pada variabel pada masing-masing indikator yaitu teknologi penyelamatan, ketersediaan tenaga medis dan persiapan masyarakat untuk menghadapi bencana dengan melakukan koordinasi lintas sektor terkait dalam persiapan dan penyediaan peralatan penyelamatan, tim medis, peralatan medis, obat-obatan serta pelatihan kepada masyarakat, 2) Fase kesiapsiagaan, berfokus pada persiapan peralatan penanggulangan bencana yang terkait pada variabel pada indikator teknologi penyelamatan dan ketersediaan medis yang meliputi peralatan evakuasi, medis dan obat-obatan serta koordinasi persiapan tim penyelamat dan tim medis, dan 3) Fase Tanggap Darurat, berfokus pada mobilisasi tim penyelamat dan tim medis serta peralatan penanggulangan bencana meliputi alat penyelamatan, alat medis dan obat-obatan serta melakukan koordinasi lintas sektor dalam rangka penyediaan kekurangan peralatan penyelamatan, alat medis dan obat-obatan pada fase tanggap darurat.
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Evacuation, search and rescue infrastructure is very crucial in the emergency phase because it involves the level of loss and casualties that caused by the disaster. The complexity and layout of urban network can complicate the rescue team to find the survivor. Surabaya is passed by an active Waru and Surabaya Fault with 0.05mm/year speeds which can cause an earthquake for 6.0-6.9 Richter Scale magnitude. Therefore, it is necessary to compose the evacuation, search and rescue infrastructure concept to face the potential impacts of and earthquake.
This study is an qualitative study with 3 research indicators, rescue technology, medical availability and community involvement. The analysis method for the first goal is content analysis which obtained with in depth interview to several stakeholders selected by purposive sampling. The result of the first goal are the criteria for providing the evacuation, search and rescue infrastructure to face an earthquake. Meanwhile the analysis method for the second goal is triangulation validation technique by comparing 3 sources, which are respondent’s opinion, best practice, and guidelines/policies. The result of the second goal is the concept to provide evacuation, search and rescue infrastructure to face the potential earthquake at Surabaya City.
The result of the first goal is 46 criteria related to rescue technology, medical equipments and disaster management equipment that have to consider to the supply and maintenance process, types of equipment, the storage, and involvement of multi sectors for the preparation, understanding and training of teams as well as training and dissemination of understanding to the community. The providing concept as the result of the second goal are divided to 3 phases: 1) Mitigation phase, that focuses on the preparations carried out related to the variables in each indicator, namely rescue technology, availability of medical personnel and community preparation for disasters by coordinating cross-sectoral related in the preparation and provision of rescue equipment, medical teams, medical equipment, medicines. medicine and training to the community, 2) Preparedness phase, that focuses on focuses on the preparation of disaster management equipment related to the variables on the indicators of rescue technology and medical availability which include evacuation equipment, medical and medicines as well as coordination of the preparation of the rescue team and the medical team, and 3) Emergency response phase, that focuses on focusing on the mobilization of rescue teams and medical teams as well as disaster management equipment including rescue tools, medical devices and medicines as well as conducting multi sectoral coordination in the context of providing shortages of rescue equipment, medical devices and medicines in the emergency response phase.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Gempa Bumi, Infrastruktur Evakuasi, Pencarian dan Penyelamatan, Tim Penyelamat, Tim Medis, Peralatan Medis, Obat-obatan, Pelatihan Masyarakat |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TH Building construction > TH1095 Earthquakes and building |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Regional & Urban Planning > 35201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Amry Muhammad |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Aug 2021 10:40 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Aug 2021 10:40 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/88629 |
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