Pra Rancangan Pabrik Pupuk Organik dari Limbah Organik dengan Fermentasi Aerob Menggunakan Bioaktivator EM4

Martiana, Dian Nabila and Sulistyawati, Ida Ayu Putu Vinky (2021) Pra Rancangan Pabrik Pupuk Organik dari Limbah Organik dengan Fermentasi Aerob Menggunakan Bioaktivator EM4. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

Text 02211740000081_02211740000102-Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only until 1 October 2023. Download (5MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Pupuk digolongkan menjadi dua jenis berdasarkan sumber bahan penyusunnya, yaitu pupuk organik atau alami dan pupuk kimia atau sintetis. Penemuan pupuk kimia (anorganik) merupakan salah satu pemicu terjadinya revolusi hijau di dunia. Namun tanpa disadari penggunaan pupuk kimia secara terus menerus terbukti merugikan. Sehingga untuk mencegah dampak buruk yang ditimbulkan dari pengunaan pupuk anorganik, perlu dilakukan pengurangan atau pemberhentian penggunaan pupuk anorganik dan menggantinya dengan menggunakan pupuk organik. Pupuk organik memiliki beberapa manfaat yaitu mengurangi semua bentuk pencemaran yang dihasilkan dari berbagai kegiatan pertanian, menghasilkan bahan pangan yang cukup aman, bergizi, dan juga menjaga produktifitas lahan pertanian dalam jangka waktu panjang. Terdapat 5 tahapan utama dalam proses pembuatan pupuk organic, antara lain tahap pre-treatment bahan baku, fermentasi dan granulasi, pengeringan dan pendinginan, penyaringan dan tahap waste treatment. Produksi diawali dengan tahap pre-treatment limbah organik yaitu terdiri dari pemotongan, penyaringan, dan pencampuran. Selanjutnya limbah organik difermentasi selama 10 hari dengan ditambahkan bioaktivator EM-4 sehingga akan dihasilkan kompos dan dilakukan tahap granulasi dengan ditambahkan dolomite. Setelah itu dilakukan tahap pengeringan dan pendinginan untuk mengurangi kadar air dalam pupuk dan dilanjutkan dengan tahap penyaringan sehingga didapat pupuk organic granul yang telah sesuai standar pemerintah. Pembiayaan pabrik pupuk organik berasal dari 40% dana pribadi dan 60% pinjaman dari Bank. Dengan perincian analisa ekonomi sebagai berikut : Nilai Net Present Value positif dan nilai Internal rate of Return sebesar 10,25% di atas WACC 9,36% dan bunga bank 8%, Pay Out Time dalam 6,1 tahun, dan Titik Impas sebesar 53,18%. Dilihat dari sensitivitas terhadap IRR, harga jual produk berpengaruh besar dalam nilai IRR.
================================================================================================
Fertilizers are classified into two types based on the source of their constituent materials, namely organic or natural fertilizers and chemical or synthetic fertilizers. The discovery of chemical fertilizers (inorganic) is one of the triggers for the green revolution in the world. However, without realizing it, the continuous use of chemical fertilizers proves to be detrimental. So that to prevent the negative impact caused by the use of inorganic fertilizers, it is necessary to reduce or stop the use of inorganic fertilizers and replace them with organic fertilizers. Organic fertilizers have several benefits, namely reducing all forms of pollution resulting from various agricultural activities, producing food that is quite safe, nutritious, and also maintaining the productivity of agricultural land in the long term. There are 5 main stages in the process of making organic fertilizers, including the pre-treatment of raw materials, fermentation and granulation, drying and cooling, filtering, and waste treatment stages. Production begins with the pre-treatment of organic waste, which consists of cutting, filtering, and mixing. Furthermore, the organic waste is fermented for 10 days with the addition of bio activator EM-4 so that compost will be produced and a granulation stage is carried out with the addition of dolomite. After that, the drying and cooling stages were carried out to reduce the water content in the fertilizer and continued with the filtering stage so that granules of organic fertilizer were obtained that were following government standards. The financing for the organic fertilizer factory comes from 40% of personal funds and 60% of loans from banks. The economic analysis details are as follows: Positive Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return of 10.25% above WACC of 9.36% and bank interest of 8%, Pay Out Time in 6.1 years, and Break-even point of 53 .18%. Judging from the sensitivity to the IRR, the selling price of the product has a big influence on the IRR value.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Aerob, Fermentasi, Organik, Pupuk, Fermentation, organic, fertilizer
Subjects:	T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS157.5 Production scheduling T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS167 Costs, Industrial T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS176 Manufacturing engineering. Process engineering (Including manufacturing planning, production planning)
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Dian Nabila Martiana
Date Deposited:	23 Aug 2021 08:22
Last Modified:	23 Aug 2021 08:22
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/89283

Actions (login required)

View Item