Pra-Desain Pabrik Bioavtur Dari Crude Palm Oil (CPO)

Adnan, Ghozi Naufalmi and Laila, Ruzqiyah Naharo (2021) Pra-Desain Pabrik Bioavtur Dari Crude Palm Oil (CPO). Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pada masa sekarang, kondisi alam di bumi sangat memprihatinkan. Berbagai upaya sedang dilakukan oleh manusia untuk memperbaiki kondisi alam, salah satu contohnya mengganti bahan-bahan yang kurang ramah lingkungan menjadi bahan-bahan yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Penggunaan biofuel sebagai bahan bakar penerbangan (bioavtur) masa depan berpotensi memiliki keberlanjutan yang baik (sustainable). Keberlanjutan produksi biofuel akan berakibat pada keberlanjutan usaha reduksi emisi CO2 sepanjang siklusnya (carbon neutral cycle). Biofuel diharapkan memberikan pengurangan dan antisipasi siklus emisi CO2 hingga 80% jika dibandingkan dengan bahan bakar fosil. Terdapat tiga tahapan dalam pembuatan Bioavtur dari CPO, yaitu proses pre-treatment, Hydroprocessing, dan proses pemurnian. Pada proses pre-treatment terjadi proses degumming dan bleaching dimana disini Crude Palm Oil akan di treatment terlebih dahulu sebagai feed utama dalam pembentukan bioavtur. Lalu masuk ke proses inti yaitu hydroprocessing, dimana di tahap ini feed sebelumnya di reaksikan dengan H2 di proses hydrotreating dan hydrocracking untuk menjadikan rantai alkana panjang menjadi output bioavtur. Tahap terakhir, pada tahap pemurnian hasil dari hydrotreating dan hydrocracking akan dipisahkan agar mendapatkan produk murni bioavtur dan produk sampingnya yaitu biodiesel dan nafta. Pabrik Bioavtur akan didirikan di Kota Dumai, Riau. Pembangunan Pabrik diestimasikan mulai pada tahun 2022 dan mulai produksi pada tahun 2025. Berdasarkan analisis ekonomi untuk kapasitas 350.000 Kiloliter/tahun, laju pengembalian modal (IRR) pabrik ini sebesar 15,69% pada tingkat suku bunga per-tahun 8% dan laju inflasi sebesar 1,38% per-tahun. Sedangkan untuk waktu pengembalian modal (POT) adalah 8,2 tahun dan titik impas (BEP) sebesar 30,26%.
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At present, the natural conditions on earth are very alarming. Various efforts are being made by humans to improve natural conditions, one of which is replacing materials that are less environmentally friendly to materials that are more environmentally friendly. The use of biofuels as aviation fuel (bioavtur) in the future has the potential to have good sustainability. The sustainability of biofuel production will result in the sustainability of efforts to reduce CO2 emissions throughout its cycle (carbon neutral cycle). Biofuels are expected to provide up to 80% reduction and anticipated CO2 emission cycles when compared to fossil fuels. There are three stages in the manufacture of bioavtur from CPO, namely the pre-treatment process, hydroprocessing, and the purification process. In the pre-treatment process, there is a degumming and bleaching process where here Crude Palm Oil will be treated first as the main feed in the formation of bioavtur. Then enter the core process, namely hydroprocessing, where at this stage the feed is previously reacted with H2 in the hydrotreating and hydrocracking process to make long alkane chains into bioavtur output. The last stage, in the purification stage, the results from hydrotreating and hydrocracking will be separated in order to obtain pure bioavtur products and by-products, namely biodiesel and naphtha. Bioavtur factory will be established in Dumai City, Riau. Factory construction is estimated to start in 2022 and start production in 2025. Based on the economic analysis for a capacity of 350,000 Kiloliters/year, the rate of return on capital (IRR) of this plant is 15.69% at an annual interest rate of 8% and an inflation rate of 1.38% per year. Meanwhile, the payback period (POT) is 8.2 years and the break-even point (BEP) is 30.26%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Bioavtur, Hydroprocessing, degumming, bleaching
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ruzqiyah Naharo Laila
Date Deposited:	24 Aug 2021 07:06
Last Modified:	24 Aug 2021 07:06
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/89375

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