Analisis Short Circuit dan Pengaturan Koordinasi Proteksi Akibat Rekonfigurasi Sistem Distribusi Listrik AC Menjadi DC pada Kapal Tanker Berbasis Simulasi

Gumilang, Ahlur Roi Novanto (2021) Analisis Short Circuit dan Pengaturan Koordinasi Proteksi Akibat Rekonfigurasi Sistem Distribusi Listrik AC Menjadi DC pada Kapal Tanker Berbasis Simulasi. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Distribusi utama listrik AC pada kapal memiliki nilai impedansi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan listrik DC sehingga memberikan losses distribusi yang lebih besar. Dikarenakan losses yang besar pada sistem distribusi diperlukan keluaran daya yang lebih besar pula untuk menyeimbangkan daya yang diperlukan dan daya yang hilang. Dalam upaya untuk menurunkan nilai impedansi pada distribusi listrik di kapal telah dilakukan rekonfigurasi sistem distribusi listrik utama dari AC menjadi DC. Perubahan yang dilakukan mempengaruhi besaran arus short circuit sehingga terjadi perubahan pula pada spesifikasi peralatan proteksi yang digunakan yaitu circuit breaker. Short circuit adalah gangguan umum berupa arus berlebih yang sering timbul pada kelistrikan di kapal baik karena faktor internal maupun eksternal. Penelitian ini menggunakan software simulasi untuk melakukan perbandingan besaran arus short circuit yang berkontribusi pada masing-masing jenis distribusi. Proses simulasi dilakukan pada setiap bus di empat kondisi utama kapal yaitu sailing, loading/unloading, leaving/arriving port, dan at port. Hasil simulasi telah dianalisis untuk membandingkan mana yang lebih baik digunakan sebagai distribusi listrik utama antara listrik AC dan DC. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh nilai rata-rata arus short circuit yang terjadi pada kondisi sailing mengalami penurunan hingga 83,17% dari yang sebelum rekonfigurasi sebesar 10,483 kA sedangkan setelah rekonfigurasi sebesar 1,764 kA. Kemudian pada kondisi loading/unloading nilai rata-rata arus short circuit terjadi penurunan hingga 88,02% dari sebelum rekonfigurasi sebesar 13,455 kA dibandingkan dengan setelah rekonfigurasi yaitu 1,612 kA. Selain itu juga dilakukan analisis pada kondisi leaving/arriving yang mana didapatkan nilai rata-rata arus short circuit terjadi penurunan hingga 82,23% dari sebelum rekonfigurasi sebesar 10,993 kA sedangkan setelah rekonfigurasi sebesar 1,953 kA. Terakhir pada kondisi at port didapatkan nilai rata-rata arus short circuit mengalami penurunan hingga 81,98% dari sebelum rekonfigurasi sebesar 6,128 kA dan setelah rekonfigurasi sebesar 1,104 kA. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi didapatkan bahwa setelah proses rekonfigurasi dari distribusi AC menjadi DC terjadi penurunan nilai rata-rata arus short circuit yang berkontribusi, hal ini dianggap menguntungkan dikarenakan dapat meningkatkan keandalan kabel distribusi dan mengurangi resiko terjadi kerusakan akibat arus yang berlebih.
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The main distribution of AC electricity on vessels has a higher impedance than DC electricity, so it will provide higher distribution losses. Due to high losses of distribution, a higher output power is required to balance between the required power and power lost. In order to decrease impedance in the electricity distribution on vessels, the main distributin had been reconfigured from AC to DC. Changes made affected the magnitude of short circuit current so that there was also a change in the specifications of the protective equipment used, namely circuit breakers. Short circuit is a common fault in the form of overcurrent that often occurs in the onboard electricity, either due to internal or external factors. This research used simulation software to compare the magnitude of the short circuit current that contributes to each type of distribution either AC or DC. The simulation process was carried out on each bus in four main vessel conditions, namely sailing, loading/unloading, leaving/arriving port, and at port. The simulation result had been analyzed to compare which one is better as main power distribution between AC and DC electricity. In this study, the average value of short circuit current that occurs in sailing conditions has decreased by 83.17% from before reconfiguration of 10,483 kA while after reconfiguration of 1,764 kA. Then in loading and unloading conditions, the average value of short circuit current decreased by 88.02% from 13,455 kA before reconfiguration compared to 1,612 kA after reconfiguration. In addition, an analysis was also carried out on the conditions of leaving/arriving, the average short-circuit current decreased by 82.23% from before reconfiguration of 10.993 kA while after reconfiguration it became 1.953 kA. Finally, in port conditions, the average short-circuit current decreased by 81.98% from 6.128 kA before reconfiguration and 1.104 kA after reconfiguration. Based on the simulation results, it was found that after the reconfiguration process from AC to DC distribution there was a decrease in the average value of the short circuit current, this is considered beneficial because it can increase the reliability of the distribution cable and reduce the risk of damage due to overcurrent.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Rekonfigurasi Sistem Distribusi Listrik, Short Circuit, Koordinasi Proteksi Electrical Distribution System Reconfiguration, Short Circuit, Protection Coordination
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK3030 Electric power distribution systems V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM773 Ship propulsion, Electric
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ahlur Roi Novanto Gumilang
Date Deposited:	31 Aug 2021 06:38
Last Modified:	31 Aug 2021 06:38
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/90644

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