Perancangan Sistem Pengendalian pada Continuous Natural Fiber Composite Prepreg Machine

Hartati, Ayu Dian (2021) Perancangan Sistem Pengendalian pada Continuous Natural Fiber Composite Prepreg Machine. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Bidang dirgantara dan otomotif yang seringkali membutuhkan desain material unik untuk mengurangi kebutuhan bahan bakar dan ramah lingkungan. Beberapa material dapat digunakan sebagai penguat dan matriks, di samping itu terdapat beberapa kombinasi material komposit yang berbeda bentuk penguatnya dan tentunya proses manufakturnya juga akan memberikan pengaruh pada sifat material yang dihasilkan. Prepreg atau kependekan dari pre-impregnated merupakan bahan mentah dari material komposit berupa serat panjang yang diimpregnasi ke dalam matriks polimer termoplas/termoset. Saat ini telah dirancang continuous natural fiber composite prepreg machine guna memproduksi prepreg komposit. Mesin ini bekerja dengan ditenagai oleh motor pada sistem conveyor. Pada tugas akhir ini dilakukan simulasi pengendalian terhadap kecepatan belt conveyor yang digunakan sebagai penggerak material (natural-fiber) dan temperatur pada heater yang digunakan sebagai curing matriks polimer. Besarnya kecepatan belt conveyor diatur konstan pada 1.74 m/s2. Berdasarkan hasil perbandingan kontroler yang digunakan, didapatkan kontroler terbaik yakni PID controller. Dari simulasi pengendalian conveyor belt didapatkan hasil steady-state error sebesar 0% dengan overshoot 8.152%, rise time 0.03 detik dan settling time 3 detik. Sedangkan pada pengendalian temperatur dilakukan dengan ketentuan perpindahan panas secara konduksi terjadi pada heater, pelat pemanas, belt conveyor, dan pada natural-fiber dianggap terjadi perpindahan secara konveksi karena natural-fiber yang bergerak dan dipengaruhi oleh kecepatan belt conveyor. Besarnya temperatur yang diterima natural-fiber diharapkan sebesar 95℃. PID controller dipilih karena menunjukkan respon yang baik pada sistem. Dari simulasi pengendalian temperatur didapatkan hasil steady-state error sebesar 1%, dengan overshoot sebesar 4.706%, rise time 4.662 detik dan settling time pada 53.77detik.
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Aerospace and automotive fields often require a unique material, namely composite to reduce fuel consumption and meet environmentally friendly needs. Natural fibers are increasingly being used in the polymer industry in the development of composites for a wide range of applications.At present, the use of natural fiber composite is mainly restricted to non-structural components due to limitations in mechanical properties.The challenge with unidirectional natural fiber composite is to align the fibers in one direction, as the fibers are only available in a discontinuous form. Creating natural fiber composites using prepregging technologies should therefore enable parts to be produced. One elementary form of a prepreg material is thermoplastic/thermoset composite tape that consists of aligned fibers embedded in a polymer matrix. The work presented here is about the development of a suitable controller in a continuous natural fiber-polymer composite manufacturing process involving belt conveyor and consolidated heater. Speed control of belt conveyor is frequently adjusted to match a varying loading rate, while temperature of the heater is used to cure the polymer matrix. The conveyor belt speed is set constant at 1.74 m/s2. Based on the comparison of the controllers used, the best controller was obtained, namely the PID controller. From the conveyor belt control simulation, the steady state error value is 0% with an overshoot of 8.152%, a rise time of 0.03 seconds, and a settling time of 3 seconds. While temperature control is carried out with the provision that conduction heat transfer occurs in the heater, heating plate, conveyor belt, and in natural fibers, it is considered that convection transfer occurs because natural fibers move and are influenced by flow velocity. conveyor belt. The total temperature accepted by natural fibers is estimated to be 95℃. The PID controller was chosen because it shows a very good response to the system. From the temperature control simulation, a steady state error of 1% is obtained, with an overshoot of 4.706%, a rise time of 4.662 seconds, and a settling time of 53.77 seconds.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Prepreg machine, Belt conveyor control system, Temperature control system, Sistem pengendalian belt conveyor, Sistem Pengendalian temperatur
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ213 Automatic control. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ223 PID controllers
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Physics Engineering > 30201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ayu Dian Hartati
Date Deposited:	02 Sep 2021 01:14
Last Modified:	02 Sep 2021 01:14
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/91255

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