Perancangan Ratio Control Supply Biogas dan Udara pada Genset Berbahan Bakar Biogas

Mifarusda, M Wildan (2021) Perancangan Ratio Control Supply Biogas dan Udara pada Genset Berbahan Bakar Biogas. Undergraduate thesis, Intitut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Generator set berbahan bakar biogas agar dapat dioperasikan dengan bahan bakar biogas maka perlu dilakukan modifikasi karburator. Pada karburator, nilai tekanan supply biogas harus lebih rendah dari tekanan dalam karburator generator set. Karena karburator pada genset tidak dapat menerima supply biogas dengan tekanan yang lebih tinggi. Sedangkan kandungan gas methane pada biogas yang dihasilkan oleh bakteri anaerob bernilai fluktuatif tergantung pada kondisi lingkungan dan pakan ternak sehingga dapat mempengaruhi rasio pembakaran biogas dengan udara. Untuk menstabilkan kinerja genset pada ruang bakar karburator agar memenuhi nilai stoikiometri AFR (air fuel ratio) maka diperlukan pengaturan rasio supply biogas dan supply udara. Pada penelitian perancangan closeloop ratio control pada genset berbahan bakar biogas. Rasio didapatkan dengan percobaan trial and error sehingga didapat nilai kestabilan yang ideal. Dalam hal ini pengiriman sinyal rasio kontrol supply ke motor valve biogas dan valve udara, berdasarkan perubahan tegangan pada genset yang diperoleh dari pengukuran sensor tegangan pzem-004t pada genset secara real time. Untuk mencapai nilai kestabilan genset didapatkan nilai perubahan bukaan valve yaitu tanpa pembebanan sebesar 5.82% pada valve biogas dan 72.20% pada valve udara, dengan pembebanan 40 watt didapatkan nilai sebesar 5.82% pada valve biogas dan 72.20% pada valve udara, pembebanan 300 watt sebesar 8.15% pada valve biogas dan 76.41% pada valve udara, dan pembebanan 400 watt sebesar 10.48% pada valve biogas dan 80.62% pada valve udara.
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In order for a biogas-fueled generator to operate with biogas, it is necessary to modify the carburetor. In the carburetor, the value of the biogas supply pressure must be lower than the pressure in the carburetor generator set. Because the carburetor on the generator can not accept the supply of biogas with a higher pressure. Meanwhile, the content of methane gas in biogas produced by suitable anaerobic bacteria fluctuates depending on environmental conditions and animal feed so that it can affect the ratio of biogas combustion to air. For the performance of the generator in the carburetor combustion chamber to meet the AFR stoichiometric value (fuel-air ratio), it is necessary to adjust the ratio of biogas supply and air supply. In the study of designing a close-loop ratio control on a biogas-fueled generator. The ratio is obtained by trial and error so that the ideal stability value is obtained. In this case, the transmission of the supply control ratio signal to the biogas motor valve and air valve, based on the change in voltage at the generator, is obtained from the measurement of the pzem-004t voltage sensor on the generator in real time. To achieve the value of generator stability, the value of the change in valve opening is 5.82% without loading on the biogas valve and 72.20% on the air valve, with a 40 watt load the value of 5.82% on the biogas valve and 72.20% on the air valve, 300 watts loading of 8.15% on the biogas valve and 76.41% on the air valve, and the loading of 400 watts is 10.48% on the biogas valve and 80.62% on the air valve.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Generator Set, Biogas, Ratio Control, Generator Set, Biogas, Ratio Control
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ213 Automatic control. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP359 Biogas
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Instrumentation Engineering
Depositing User:	M Wildan Mifarusda
Date Deposited:	06 Sep 2021 04:42
Last Modified:	06 Sep 2021 04:42
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/91668

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