Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Komposisi Biokomposit Terhadap Sifat Penyusutan (Shrinkage) Sesuai Standar Astm D955-00

Auli, Ahmad Haniful (2022) Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Komposisi Biokomposit Terhadap Sifat Penyusutan (Shrinkage) Sesuai Standar Astm D955-00. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Dalam proses produksi biokomposit, penyusutan material sangat diperhitungkan. Proses penyusutan material terjadi saat pendinginan berlangsung. Penyusutan yang signifikan dapat mempengaruhi dimensi, geometri dan kualitas produk hasil. Eksperimen yang dilakukan menggunakan variasi komposisi material polypropylene dan serat sisal dengan ditambah dengan komposisi maleic anhydrite polypropylene yang tetap yaitu 5% sebagai penguat bond polypropylene dengan serat sisal. Pada eksperimen ini dibuat empat macam sampel yakni biokomposit A, B, C, dan D dengan komposisi serat sisal sebesar 5%,10%, 15%, dan 20%.
Pembuatan pellet biokomposit dilakukan dengan mencampur material menggunakan mesin ektrusi. Kemudian biokomposit dicetak menggunakan mesin injeksi Haitan MA 900/260e. Pengujian kerataan specimen dilakukan menggunakan metode Union Jack. Pengukuran nilai shrinkage dengan jangka sorong sesuai dengan standar ASTM D955-00. Kemudian dilakukan analisa statistic One-Way ANOVA dan analisa regresi pada data hasil pengukuran.
Dari simulasi dengan software Autodesk Moldflow 2018 didapatkan setting parameter injeksi: nozzle temperature sebesar 221oC, barel temperature sebesar 221oC, mold temperature sebesar 40oC, injection time sebesar 0.6 detik, injection pressure 17.89MPa, dan holding time sebesar 15 detik. Nilai rata-rata shrinkage biokomposit searah arah datangnya aliran plastik dari specimen A, B,C dan D berturut – turut sebesar 2.257 %, 2.151%, 2.029 dan 1.82 %. Sedangkan nilai rata-rata shrinkage biokomposit tegak lurus dengan arah datangnya aliran plastik dari specimen A, B,C dan D berturut – turut sebesar 2.576 %, 2.484%, 2.362%, dan 2.18%. Dari analisia One-Way ANOVA didapatkan hasil bahwa komposisi biokomposit berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai shrinkage. Dari pengujian Tukey didapatkan hasil bahwa setiap level dari perubahan komposisi biokomposit memberikan pengaruh berbeda terhadap penyusutan. Kemudian dari hasil analisa statistic regresi didapatkan persamaan regresi kuadratik y=-0.00112x^2+2.27untuk biokomposit searah dengan aliran plastic dan y=-0.00106x^2+2.27 untuk biokomposit tegak lurus dengan arah aliran plastic, dengan x merupakan persentase komposisi serat sisal.
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Shrinkage of the material is very important in biocomposite production process. Shrinkage occurs during the cooling process of the material. Shrinkage can affect the dimensions, geometry and quality of the product. Experiments using variations in the material composition of polypropylene and sisal fiber with added maleic anhydrite polypropylene composition which is fixed at 5% as a reinforcement for the polypropylene bond with sisal fiber. In this experiment, four kinds of samples were made, namely biocomposite A, B, C, and D with a sisal fiber composition of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%.
Biocomposite pellets made using an extrusion machine. The biocomposite was molded using a HAITIAN MA 900/260e injection machine. The flatness of the specimen was tested using the Union Jack method. Measurement of shrinkage value with caliper according to ASTM D955-00 standard. One-Way ANOVA statistical analysis and regression analysis were performed on the data.
From the injection process simulation using Autodesk Moldflow 2018, the parameter setting for the injection nozzle temperature is 221oC, the barrel temperature is 221oC, the mold temperature is 40oC, the injection time is 0.6 seconds, the injection pressure is 17.89MPa, and the holding time is 15 seconds. The average value of biocomposite shrinkage parallel to plastic flow from specimens A, B, C and D was 2.257%, 2.151%, 2.029 and 1.82%. The average value of biocomposite shrinkage perpendicular to plastic flow from specimens A, B, C and D was 2.576%, 2.484%, 2.362%, and 2.18%. From the One-Way ANOVA analysis, the composition of the biocomposite has a significant effect on the shrinkage value. From the Tukey test, each level of the biocomposite composition had a different effect on shrinkage. From the regression analysis, the quadratic regression equation y=-0.00114x^2+2.28 for biocomposite shrinkage parallel to plastic flow and y=-0.00104x^2+2.60 for biocomposite shrinkage perpendicular to plastic flow, with x is the percentage of sisal fiber composition.

Item Type: Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords: ASTM D955, biocomposite, shrinkage, biokomposit
Subjects: T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS170 New products. Product Development
Divisions: Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User: Ahmad Haniful Auli
Date Deposited: 13 Feb 2022 21:45
Last Modified: 13 Feb 2022 21:45
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/93554

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