Kajian Teknologi Biokonversi Sampah Organik Menggunakan Larva Black Soldier Fly

Camila, Atthaya (2022) Kajian Teknologi Biokonversi Sampah Organik Menggunakan Larva Black Soldier Fly. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Teknologi biokonversi menggunakan larva black soldier fly (BSF) merupakan salah satu pengolahan sampah yang diterapkan untuk mereduksi sampah organik. Pengolahan tersebut dapat menghasilkan produk berprotein tinggi berupa pakan ternak. Selain itu, residu yang dihasilkan bisa digunakan sebagai kompos. Dalam implementasinya diperlukan pengetahuan dasar tentang BSF untuk mengontrol dan merancang suatu biosistem BSF yang baik. Di sisi lain, terdapat beberapa komponen yang harus diperhatikan ketika menciptakan sistem pengolahan sampah yang berkelanjutan, seperti fasilitas pengolahan, kondisi lingkungan, dan sumber makanan yang optimal bagi larva BSF. Maka, dilakukan studi dengan tujuan: (1) mengkaji teknologi biokonversi sampah organik dengan larva BSF, (2) mengkaji penerapan teknologi biokonversi sampah organik dengan larva BSF di berbagai negara, dan (3) mengkaji penerapan teknologi biokonversi sampah organik dengan larva BSF di TPS 3R Jambangan.
Studi ini dilaksanakan dengan pengumpulan data sekunder dan data primer. Data sekunder berupa studi literatur dan data primer berupa hasil observasi lapangan dan wawancara. Data primer tersebut digunakan sebagai bahan studi kasus. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis deskriptif tentang teknologi biokonversi sampah organik dengan larva BSF dan dilakukan perbandingan penerapannya di berbagai negara. Tahap terakhir dilakukan analisis permasalahan pada penerapan pengolahan sampah organik dengan larva BSF di TPS 3R Jambangan. Aspek yang ditinjau adalah kapasitas pengolahan, fasilitas operasional, jumlah tenaga kerja, hasil, dan harga jual produk. Kemudian dapat ditentukan rekomendasi sebagai solusi dalam studi kasus di TPS 3R Jambangan.
Hasil dari studi ini ialah teknologi biokonversi sampah organik dengan larva BSF dapat diterapkan pada skala rumah tangga hingga skala besar (komersial) dan dapat menghasilkan produk bernilai ekonomi berupa pakan ternak dan pupuk organik. Negara yang telah mengimplementasikan teknologi tersebut antara lain: Indonesia, Afrika Barat, Kanada, dan Afrika Selatan. Selain itu, produk bernilai yang dapat dihasilkan adalah biodiesel yang berasal penyisihan lemak dari tubuh larva. Kualitas produk berbanding lurus dengan biaya investasi agar menunjang otomasi fasilitas dan lingkungan yang terkontrol. TPS 3R Jambangan memiliki fasilitas untuk pemeliharaan BSF dan operasional pengolahan sampah organik dengan larva BSF. Pada studi kasus ini pengolahan masih berskala menengah untuk proyek penelitian dengan estimasi biaya investasi awal sebesar Rp175.960.000,00 dan biaya operasional per tahun sebesar Rp 165.578.137,36. Apabila pengolahan dikembangkan dalam skala komersial, pendapatan potensial per tahun sebesar Rp191.820.987,00 dan estimasi keuntungan potensial yang dapat diperoleh yaitu Rp26.242.850 per tahun.
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Bioconversion technology using Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae is one of the solid waste treatments used to reduce organic solid waste. The treatment could create high-protein products used as animal feed. Furthermore, the residue of larva can be used as compost. To govern and build a decent BSF biosystem, a basic knowledge of BSF is essential in its application. Various factors should be considered when designing a sustainable solid waste treatment system, including processing facilities, ambient conditions, and the optimal feeding sources for BSF larvae. Therefore, this research has the following objectives: (1) reviewing bioconversion technology of organic solid waste using BSF larvae, (2) reviewing the application of organic sloid waste bioconversion technology using BSF larvae in various countries, and (3) reviewing the application of organic solid waste bioconversion technology using BSF larvae at TPS 3R Jambangan.
The research was carried out by collecting secondary and primary data. The secondary data is the form of literature studies. Then, primary data is the form of field observations and interviews as a study case. Subsequently, conducted a descriptive analysis of the technology for bioconversion of organic waste with BSF larvae and compared the application in various countries. The final step included problem analysis on the application of organic solid waste treatment with BSF larvae at TPS 3R Jambangan. The aspects reviewed are treatment capacity, operating facilities, workforce, outcomes, and product selling prices. Then the recommendations can be determined as a solution in the case study at TPS 3R Jambangan.
The results of this research show that bioconversion technology of organic solid waste using BSF larvae could be used on a small scale (domestic) to a big scale (commercial) to produce commercially viable items such as animal feed and compost. Indonesia, West Africa, Canada, and South Africa are the countries that have implemented the technology. In addition, a valuable product that can be produced is biodiesel which is derived from grease separation from the larvae body. The quality of the product is directly proportional to investment costs to support facility automation and a controlled environment. BSF nursery and organic waste processing operations using BSF larvae are available at TPS 3R Jambangan. The treatment in this study case is still on a medium-scale for research and pilot projects with an estimated initial investment cost of 175.960.000,00 IDR and the operational cost of 165.578.137,36 IDR. If the treatment can be developed to become a commercial scale, it will obtain an estimated potential income per year of 285,414,300.00 IDR and potential profit of 26,242,850 IDR per year.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	application, bioconversion, biokonversi, black soldier fly larvae, larva black soldier fly, organic waste, penerapan, sampah organik, TPS 3R Jambangan
Subjects:	G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences Q Science T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD796.5 Composting
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Atthaya Camila
Date Deposited:	14 Feb 2022 04:56
Last Modified:	14 Feb 2022 04:56
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/93861

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