Studi Sumber Pencemar Dan Penentuan Status Mutu Air Menggunakan Metode Storet Di Sungai Kobe Kabupaten Halmahera Tengah

Marengke, Muthia Khansa Sansabila (2022) Studi Sumber Pencemar Dan Penentuan Status Mutu Air Menggunakan Metode Storet Di Sungai Kobe Kabupaten Halmahera Tengah. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sungai Kobe adalah salah satu sungai yang terletak di Kabupaten Halmahera Tengah. Berdasarkan PERDA Kabupaten Halmahera Tengah Nomor 01 Tahun 2012 Sungai Kobe termasuk baku mutu kelas II yang diperuntukkan untuk rumah tangga, irigasi, perikanan, peternakan, dan perkebunan. Sungai Kobe sepanjang 30,4 km melewati areal penduduk dan pertambangan. Pada tahun 2020 terjadi penurunan kualitas air Sungai Kobe yang ditandai dengan berubahnya kondisi fisik air sehingga masyarakat tidak dapat menggunakan sesuai peruntukkannya. Hal ini dicurigai karena bocornya penampung limbah dari salah satu perusahaan tambang nikel yang ada di Kecamatan Weda Tengah. Penelitian ini dilakukan guna untuk melakukan studi sumber pencemar yang masuk pada perairan Sungai Kobe serta mengetahui status mutu Sungai Kobe saat ini.
Penelitian dilakukan dengan pengumpulan data primer berupa uji kualitas air dengan parameter temperatur, DO, TSS, dan Amonium yang dilakukan pengambilan sampel pada lima titik sampling. Penentuan titik sampling didasarkan pada SNI 6989.57:2008. Studi sumber pencemar dilakukan dengan pembatasan wilayah boundary kawasan wilayah sungai sesuai arahan Ditjen Cipta Karya Departemen PU (1985) bahwa diasumsikan hanya pada jarak 500 meter dari tepi sungai yang diperhitungkan. Penentuan status mutu air dilakukan dengan metode STORET dan mengacu pada Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No 113 Tahun 2003 yang menggunakan sistem nilai dari US-EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) untuk mengklasifikasikan status mutu air menjadi empat kelas.

Hasil yang didapatkan adalah studi sumber pencemar KWS 1 terdapat enam saluran limbah domestik, KWS 2 terdapat 11 saluran limbah domestik dan pertanian, dan KWS 3 terdapat sembilan saluran limbah domestik dan kegiatan pertambangan dari dua perusahaan tambang nikel yang ada pada Sungai Kobe tersebut. Kemudian penetapan status mutu Sungai Kobe menggunakan Storet mendapatkan skor nol yang masuk dalam kategori A baik sekali dengan status Sungai Kobe memenuhi baku mutu. Kapasitas daya tampung TSS titik 1 sebesar 66.916,8 kg/hari, titik 2 sebesar 23.587,2 kg/hari, titik 3 sebesar 11.836,8 kg/hari,
titik 4 sebesar 22.593,6 kg/hari, dan titik 5 sebesar 31.492,8 kg/hari. Kemudian kapasitas daya tampung Ammonium di Sungai Kobe pada titik 1 sebesar 669,17 kg/hari, titik 2 sebesar 235,87 kg/hari, titik 3 sebesar 118,37 kg/hari, titik 4 225,94 kg/hari, dan titik 5 sebesar 314,93 kg/hari. Pengelolaan Sungai Kobe antara lain pemerintah perlu menjalankan komunikasi dengan masyarakat dan pemangku kepentingan terkait kegiatan pengelolaan untuk menjaga ekosistem Sungai Kobe, menyusun rencana kegiatan pengelolaan kualitas air secara bertahap berdasarkan parameter yang dapat menjadi ancaman dalam keberlangsungan ekosistem perairan, melakukan pemantauan secara berkala terhadap program yang telah dilaksanakan, mendorong pemakaian septic tank komunal, serta pemerintah perlu melakukan pembangunan Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL).
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Kobe River is one of the rivers located in Central Halmahera Regency. Based on the Regional Regulation of Central Halmahera Regency Number 01 of 2012 the Kobe river is included in the class II quality standard which is intended for households, irrigation, fisheries, livestock and plantations. The Kobe River is
30.4 km long through residential and mining areas. In 2020 there was a decline in the water quality of the Kobe River which was marked by changes in the physical condition of the water so that people could not use it according to its designation. This is suspected because of the leaking of the waste container from one of the nickel mining companies in Central Weda District. This research was conducted in order to study the sources of pollutants that enter the waters of the Kobe River and to determine the current status of the quality of the Kobe River.
The research was conducted by collecting primary data in the form of water quality tests with parameters of temperature, DO, TSS, and Ammonium which were sampled at five sampling points. Determination of the sampling point is based on SNI 6989.57:2008. Identification of pollutant sources is carried out by delimiting the boundaries of river areas in accordance with the direction of the Directorate General of Human Settlements, Ministry of Public Works (1985) that it is assumed that only a distance of 500 meters from the river bank is taken into account. Determination of water quality status is carried out using the STORET method and refers to the Decree of the Minister of the Environment No. 113 of 2003 which uses a value system from the US-EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) to classify the status of water quality into four classes.

The results obtained are that the study of pollutant sources in KWS 1 has six domestic waste channels, KWS 2 has 11 domestic and agricultural waste channels, and KWS 3 has nine domestic waste channels and mining activities from the two nickel mining companies in the Kobe River. Then the determination of the quality status of the Kobe River using Storet gets a score of zero which is included in category A very well with the status of the Kobe River meeting the quality standards. The capacity of TSS point 1 is 66,916.8 kg/day, point 2 is 23,587.2 kg/day, point 3 is 11,836.8 kg/day, point 4 is 22,593.6 kg/day, and point 5 is 31,492. 8 kg/day. Then the carrying capacity of Ammonium in the Kobe River at point 1 is 669.17 kg/day, point 2 is 235.87 kg/day, point 3 is 118.37
kg/day, point 4 is 225.94 kg/day, and point 4 is 225.94 kg/day. 5 of 314.93 kg/day. The Kobe River management strategy includes, among others, the government needs to carry out communication with the community and stakeholders regarding management activities to maintain the Kobe River ecosystem, develop plans for water quality management activities in stages based on parameters that can be a threat to the sustainability of aquatic ecosystems, conduct regular monitoring of programs has been implemented, encourages the use of communal septic tanks, and the government needs to build a Wastewater Treatment Plant (IPAL).

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Identification of pollutant sources, water quality status, STORET, Kobe Rive, Identifikasi sumber pencemar, status mutu air, STORET, Sungai Kobe
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD259.2 Drinking water. Water quality
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Muthia Khansa Sansabila Marengke
Date Deposited:	13 Feb 2022 22:12
Last Modified:	01 Nov 2022 01:20
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/93911

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