Risda, Sandy Risda (2022) Cost-Benefit Analysis Produksi Pelet Sekam Padi untuk Bahan Bakar Mesin Pengering Hasil Pertanian di Madiun. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Pengeringan merupakan hal yang krusial dalam penanganan padi pascapanen. Apabila padi terlambat untuk dikeringkan akan berakibat menurunnya kualitas beras yang dihasilkan. Hal ini disebabkan padi hasil panen dengan kadar air tinggi dan kondisi lembab akan mengalami respirasi dengan cepat. Akibatnya butir padi busuk, berjamur, berkecambah maupun mengalami reaksi “browning enzimatis” sehingga beras berwarna kuning/kuning kecoklatan. Ada dua metode pengeringan padi, yang pertama adalah penjemuran secara alami dengan memanfaatkan sinar matahari dan yang kedua dengan cara mekanis atau mesin pengering. Penjemuran secara alami adalah metode konvensional yang banyak digunakan saat ini, alasannya karena biaya yang murah dibandingkan dengan menggunakan metode mekanis. Metode penjemuran alami mempunyai beberapa kekurangan, seperti waktu penjemuran yang relatif lama dan tidak maksimalnya kualitas dan kuantitas hasil penjemuran. Untuk itu perlu dikembangkan metode penjemuran secara mekanis dengan memanfaatkan limbah sekam padi sebagai bahan bakar. Namun sekam padi tidak bisa langsung digunakan sebagai bahan bakar karena kurang baik untuk kesehatan, sehingga diperlukan proses densifikasi/peletisasi. Dalam rencana proses bisnis pada penelitian ini melibatkan tiga stakeholder sebagai pelaku, yaitu produsen pelet, penggilingan padi dan produsen mesin pengering. Penelitian sendiri dilakukan di area Kabupaten dan Kota Madiun. Dari analisis yang dilakukan, pelet sekam padi dapat dijual dengan harga optimal Rp 825/kg atau Rp 850/kg. Dengan metode cost-benefit analysis diketahui bahwa investasi produksi pelet sekam padi layak dilakukan. Dimana indikator analisis untuk kedua harga acuan yaitu net present value (NPV) menunjukkan hasil Rp 1.163.350.510 dan Rp 1.553.257.932,94, interest rate of return (IRR) sebesar 70% dan 87% serta cost-benefit ratio (BCR) bernilai 1,32 dan 1,34.
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Drying is crucial in the postharvest handling of rice. If the rice is too late to dry, it will decrease the quality of the rice produced. This is because harvested rice with high moisture content and humid conditions will experience rapid respiration. As a result, the rice grains are rotten, moldy, germinated, or undergo an "enzymatic browning" reaction so that the rice is yellow/brown. There are two methods of drying rice, the first is drying naturally by utilizing sunlight and the second is by mechanical means or a drying machine. Natural drying is a conventional method that is widely used today, the reason being that it is cheap compared to using mechanical methods. The natural drying method has several drawbacks, such as the relatively long drying time and not the maximum quality and quantity of drying results. For this reason, it is necessary to develop a mechanical drying method by utilizing rice husk waste as fuel. However, rice husk cannot be used directly as fuel because it is not good for health, so a densification/pelletization process is needed. The business process plan in this research involves three stakeholders as actors, namely pellet producers, rice millers, and drying machine manufacturers. The research itself was conducted in the district and city of Madiun. From the analysis carried out, rice husk pellets can be sold at an optimal price of Rp. 825/kg or Rp. 850/kg. With the cost-benefit analysis method, it is known that the investment in the production of rice husk pellets is feasible. Where the analytical indicators for the two reference prices, namely the net present value (NPV) show the results of Rp. 1,163,350,510 and Rp. 1,553,257,932,94, interest rate of return (IRR) of 70% and 87% and the cost-benefit ratio (BCR) is worth 1.32 and 1.34.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | cost-benefit analysis, mesin pengering, pelet sekam padi, drying machine, rice husk |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD195.B56 Biomass energy |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Creative Design and Digital Business (CREABIZ) > Technology Management > 61101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Sandy Risda Pratama |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Feb 2022 04:05 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Nov 2022 01:20 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/94493 |
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