Pra Desain Pabrik Sorbitol Dari Tepung Jagung Dengan Proses Hidrogenasi Katalitik Menggunakan Katalis Raney Nickel

Ramadhana, Ahmad Habib and Novita, Ninda Ayu (2022) Pra Desain Pabrik Sorbitol Dari Tepung Jagung Dengan Proses Hidrogenasi Katalitik Menggunakan Katalis Raney Nickel. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sorbitol adalah senyawa monosakarida polyhydric alcohol. Senyawa ini merupakan suatu gula
alkohol yang dimetabolisme lambat di dalam tubuh. Sorbitol diperoleh dengan cara mengubah gugus
aldehid menjadi gugus hidroksil. Industri sorbitol dinilai sangat strategis karena sorbitol banyak
dimanfaatkan di berbagai industri, seperti industri pangan, farmasi, kosmetik, kimia serta bidang industri
lainnya. Sehingga, bahan baku sorbitol secara tidak langsung sudah menjadi bagian dari kebutuhan
sehari-hari.
Sorbitol dapat dibuat dengan beberapa cara dari berbagai jenis bahan baku, dengan kondisi operasi
serta konversi yang berbeda. Pembuatan sorbitol dari bahan baku tepung jagung melalui dua tahap
proses utama, tahap pertama yaitu proses perubahan starch (pati) menjadi glukosa dengan menggunakan
enzim dan tahap kedua yaitu proses pengubahan glukosa menjadi sorbitol dengan proses hidrogenasi
katalitik.
Pabrik sorbitol ini direncanakan akan didirikan di Kota Cilegon, Provinsi Banten. Dimana salah satu
pertimbangan utama pemilihan lokasi ini adalah ketersediaan bahan baku, lahan, dan nilai UMK tenaga
kerja. Selain itu karena letaknya yang strategis untuk pemasaran karena berada di jalur pantura dan dekat
dengan pelabuhan sehingga mempermudah proses pemasaran dan menjangkau konsumen yang sebagian
besar berada di pulau Jawa. Dengan berdirinya pabrik sorbitol ini diharapkan dapat memenuhi
pertumbuhan permintaan sorbitol di dalam negeri dan meningkatkan taraf hidup penduduk sekitar.
Pabrik direncanakan beroperasi secara kontinyu 24 jam selama 320 hari pertahun operasi dengan
perencanaan sebagai berikut :
a. Kapasitas produksi
: 15.000 ton/tahun
b. Jumlah tenaga kerja
: 168 orang/hari
c. Kebutuhan bahan baku tepung jagung : 13866,18 ton/tahun
Pabrik ini direncanakan mulai dibangun pada tahun 2022 di Kota Cilegon, Provinsi Banten dan
direncanakan beroperasi pada tahun 2025. Modal diperoleh dengan perbandingan 60% modal sendiri dan
40% modal pinjaman. Pendirian pabrik sorbitol memerlukan biaya investasi modal tetap (fixed capital)
sebesar Rp 553.279.923.705,35, modal kerja (working capital) Rp 97.637.633.595,06, investasi total Rp
650.917.557.300,41, biaya produksi per tahun Rp 440.337.245.185 dan hasil penjualan per tahun Rp
541.406.250.000,00. Dari analisa ekonomi didapatkan Internal Rate of Return sesudah pajak sebesar
20.5%, POT sesudah pajak 3.8 tahun, BEP 50,98% dan nilai NPV adalah Rp 99.842.640.080. Dari hasil
uraian di atas, ditinjau dari segi teknis dan ekonomis, pabrik sorbitol dari tepung jagung ini layak
didirikan.
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Sorbitol is a polyhydric alcohol monosaccharide compound. This compound is a sugar alcohol that is
metabolized slowly in the body. Sorbitol is obtained by converting the aldehyde group to a hydroxyl
group. The sorbitol industry is considered very strategic because sorbitol is widely used in various
industries, such as the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, chemical and other industrial fields. Thus, the
raw material for sorbitol has indirectly become part of daily needs.
Sorbitol can be made in several ways from various types of raw materials, with different operating
conditions and conversions. The manufacture of sorbitol from cornstarch raw materials through two
main process stages, the first stage is the process of changing starch (starch) into glucose using enzymes
and the second stage is the process of converting glucose into sorbitol with a catalytic hydrogenation
process.
The sorbitol factory is planned to be established in Cilegon City, Banten Province. Where one of the
main considerations for choosing this location is the availability of raw materials, land, and the value of
the minimum wage for labor. In addition, because of its strategic location for marketing because it is on
the north coast route and close to the port, it makes the marketing process easier and reaches consumers,
most of whom are on the island of Java. With the establishment of this sorbitol factory, it is expected to
be able to meet the growing demand for sorbitol in the country and improve the living standards of the
surrounding population.
The factory is planned to operate continuously 24 hours for 320 days per year of operation with the
following planning:
a. Production capacity: 15,000 tons/year
b. Number of workers: 168 people/day
c. Cornstarch raw material needs: 13866,18 tons/year
This factory is planned to start construction in 2022 in Cilegon City, Banten Province and is planned
to operate in 2025. The capital is obtained with a ratio of 60% own capital and 40% loan capital. The
establishment of a sorbitol factory requires fixed capital investment costs of Rp. 553.279.923.705,35,
working capital of Rp. 97.637.633.595,06, total investment of Rp. 650.917.557.300,41, production costs
per year of Rp. 440.337.245.185 and annual sales of Rp. 541.406.250.000,00. From the economic
analysis, it was found that the Internal Rate of Return after tax was 20.5%, POT after tax was 3.8 years,
BEP 50.98% and the NPV value was Rp. 99.842.640.080. From the results of the above description,
from a technical and economic point of view, this sorbitol factory from cornstarch is feasible to
establish.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	sorbitol, hydrogenation, hidrogenasi, raney nickel.
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ahmad Habib Ramadhana
Date Deposited:	12 Jul 2022 06:59
Last Modified:	12 Jul 2022 07:27
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/95001

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