Sutiasa, Delfiando (2022) Studi Eksperimen Kinerja Turbin Angin Savonius Dengan Instalasi Silinder Sirkular Di Samping Advancing Blade Dan Di Depan Returning Blade “Studi Kasus untuk Jarak Y/D = 1,71 dan S/D = 1,71; dengan Ukuran Silinder Sirkular d/D = 0,5 pada Kecepatan Angin 4; 5; 6; 7 m/s”. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Indonesia adalah salah satu negara dengan penduduk terpadat di Asia Tenggara, sehingga
meningkatkan kebutuhan energi listrik nasional. Pemenuhan kebutuhan energi listrik tersebut
masih disuplai oleh batu bara dan bahan bakar minyak sebagai sumber energi utama, di mana
diperlukan energi yang lebih bersih seperti penggunaan energi angin. Turbin angin diperlukan
untuk mengonversi energi angin tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap turbin angin
Savonius, yang digunakan sebagai pengubah energi kinetik angin menjadi energi mekanikal.
Turbin angin Savonius memiliki keuntungan dapat dioperasikan pada tip speed ratio (λ) yang
rendah, namun memilki efisiensi paling rendah dibandingkan turbin lainnya. Penelitian ini
dilakukan guna meningkatkan efisiensi turbin dengan konfigurasi penelitian pertama yaitu
dipasangnya silinder sirkular di samping advancing blade, serta konfigurasi penelitian kedua
dengan dipasangnya silinder sirkular di samping advancing blade dan di depan returning
blade.
Tujuan penelitian ini dicapai dengan dilakukannya penelitian secara eksperimental.
Turbin angin Savonius yang digunakan berdiameter sudu (D) sebesar 165,2 mm, tinggi turbin
(H) sebesar 295 mm, diameter poros (b) sebesar 19 mm, serta diameter endplate sebesar 333,7
mm. Silinder sirkular yang digunakan sebagai pengontrol pasif aliran memilki rasio (d/D) =
0,5. Silinder sirkular tersebut ditempatkan di samping advancing blade pada jarak (Y/D) 1,71,
serta di depan returning blade (S/D) sebesar 1,71. Penelitian dilakukan dengan
diivariasikannya kecepatan angin sebesar 4; 5; 6; dan 7 m/s melalui axial fan sebagai sumber
angin. Pengukuran performa turbin dilakukan dengan pengukuran torsi dinamis dengan
digunakannya brakedynamometer, torsi statis dengan torque meter, serta kecepatan rotasi
turbin dengan tachometer.
Hasil penelitian ditunjukkan bahwa dilakukannya penelitian pada konfigurasi pertama
dengan dipasangnya silinder di samping advancing blade pada Y/D = 1,71 dan penelitian
konfigurasi ke dua dengan dipasangnya silinder di samping advancing blade pada Y/D = 1,71
serta di depan returning blade pada S/D = 1,71 meningkatkan performa dan self starting
terhadap turbin angin Savonius konvensional. Peningkatan CP(MAX) paling besar pada
penelitian ini diperoleh pada penelitian konfigurasi ke dua pada variasi kecepatan 5 m/s
sebesar 21,67% terhadap turbin angin Savonius konvensional, dengan nilai CP(MAX) = 0,0687
pada λ = 0,594. Peningkatan CM(MAX) paling tinggi pada penelitian ini diperoleh pada
konfigurasi ke dua pada variasi kecepatan 5 m/s sebesar 28,781% terhadap turbin angin
Savonius konvensional, dengan nilai CM(MAX) = 0,172 pada λ = 0. Peningkatan kemampuan
self starting terjadi pada ke dua jenis konfigurasi penelitian pada posisi (θ) tertentu, namun
belum memberikan kemampuan self starting pada seluruh posisi sudut sudu (θ).
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Indonesia is one of the most densely populated countries in Southeast Asia, which will
be increasing its national electricity demand. However, to meet the electricity demand, it istill
supplied by coal and fuel as primary energy sources, where need a cleaner energy source such
as wind energy. The wind turbine is required to convert those wind energy. This experiment
was run by using a Savonius wind turbine, which is used for converting wind kinetic energy
into mechanical energy. The Savonius wind turbine has the advantage is can be operated on a
lower tip speed ratio, but has the lowest efficiency rather than other wind turbines. This
experiment was conducted for escalating turbine efficiency with the first configuration by the
installation of a circular cylinder beside the advancing blade, and the second configuration by
the installation of a circular cylinder beside the advancing blade and in front of the returning
blade.
The objectives to achieved in this study carried out using experimental method. The
Savonius wind turbine that used has a blade diameter (D) of 165.2 mm, a turbine height (H)
of 295 mm, a shaft diameter (b) of 19 mm, and an endplate diameter of 333.7 mm. The
circular cylinder used as a passive flow controller has a diameter of (d) 82.6 mm or (d/D) =
0.5. The circular cylinder is placed next to the advancing blade at a distance (Y/D) of 1.71 and
in front of the returning blade (S/D) of 1.71. The experiment was carried out by varying the
wind speed by 4; 5; 6; and 7 m/s through an axial fan as a wind supply. Turbine performance
measurement is held out by measuring dynamic torque using a brake dynamometer, static
torque using a torque meter, and turbine rotation speed using a tachometer.
The study outcome exposed that the first configuration by installing a circular cylinder
beside the advancing blade at Y/D = 1.71 and the second configuration by installing a circular
cylinder beside the advancing blade at Y/D = 1.71 and installing a circular cylinder in front of
the returning blade at S/D = 1.71, have been growing up turbine performance and self-starting
ability compared to the conventional Savonius wind turbine. The highest CP(MAX) escalation
towards the conventional Savonius wind turbine in this study was acquired on the second
configuration with 5 m/s of wind speed variation by 21.67%, with the C P(MAX) value = 0.0687
at λ = 0.594. The highest C M(MAX) escalation towards the conventional Savonius wind turbine
in this study was acquired on the second configuration with 5 m/s of wind speed variation by
28.781%, with the C M(MAX) value = 0.172 at λ = 0. The self starting ability was intensified in
both study configurations at specified positions (θ) but however does not give the self starting
ability for the entire angular blade position (θ).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Advancing blade, Coefficient of Moment, Coefficient of Power, Coefficient of Static Torque, Returning blade, Silinder sirkular, Turbin angin Savonius |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ828 Wind turbines |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Anis Wulandari |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Sep 2022 07:28 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Sep 2022 06:03 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/95018 |
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