Subekti, Tegar (2023) Peningkatan Efisiensi Energi Jaringan Distribusi Nguter di Perumda Air Minum Tirta Makmur Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Salah satu permasalahan BUMD Air Minum adalah penggunaan energi yang tidak efisien. Salah satu sistem penyediaan air minum (SPAM) yang terindikasi adanya ketidakefisienan penggunaan energi adalah SPAM Nguter. SPAM Nguter terdapat kelebihan pemakaian daya reaktif yang nilainya antara 1.936 – 2.412 kVAr. Pengukuran efisiensi pompa distribusi yang dioperasikan menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi total pompa adalah 53,95%. Hasil sampling pengukuran tekanan pelanggan menunjukkan bahwa saat jam minimum, tekanan di pelanggan terjauh nilainya lebih besar dari tekanan di inlet distribusi. Selain itu, tingkat kehilangan air yang tinggi sebesar 56,54% membuat konsumsi energi sistem perpompaan menjadi lebih besar karena sebagian volume air yang disalurkan tidak sampai ke pelanggan. Berdasar hal tersebut maka terdapat peluang untuk dilakukannnya penghematan energi. Upaya peningkatan efisiensi energi dilakukan dengan pengukuran pemakaian energi, pengukuran efisiensi kinerja pompa distribusi, dan analisis kondisi eksisting jaringan distribusi berupa simulasi hidrolis jaringan distribusi menggunakan EPANET 2.2. Strategi peningkatan efisiensi energi yang dikaji adalah dengan penambahan dan manajemen operasi pompa (alternatif A), pemasangan variable speed drive (VSD) pada pompa distribusi (alternatif B), pembangunan elevated reservoir (alternatif C), dan penempatan booster pada jaringan distribusi (alternatif D). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah alternatif upaya peningkatan efisiensi energi berupa pemasangan VSD (alternatif B) menghasilkan penghematan biaya listrik sebesar 43,95%. Lebih besar dibandingkan dengan alternatif A sebesar 36,30%, alternatif D sebesar 33,55%, dan alternatif C 21,19%. Penerapan alternatif B dapat menghasilkan water saving sebesar 19.936 m3/bulan, alternatif D 6.460 m3/bulan, dan alternatif C 5.663 m3/bulan, sedangkan alternatif A tidak menghasilkan water saving karena tekanan rata-rata jaringan distribusi lebih tinggi dari kondisi eksisting. Analisis aspek finansial menunjukkan bahwa alternatif A,B, dan D layak secara finansial untuk dilaksanakan, sedangkan alternatif C tidak layak karena nilai BCR yang kurang dari 1. Sehingga direkomendasikan upaya peningkatan efisiensi energi yang dapat diterapkan adalah pemasangan VSD karena layak secara teknis dan finansial serta dapat menghasilkan energy saving dan water saving paling besar dari alternatif lainnya. Strategi perkuatan kelembagaan bidang efisiensi energi di SPAM Nguter dilakukan peremajaan dan pengembangan SDM bidang efisiensi energi, melengkapi peralatan bidang efisiensi energi, melengkapi SOP bidang efisiensi energi, serta bantuan pendampingan instansi/ lembaga lain dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan efisiensi energi.
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One of the problems of BUMD Air Minum is the inefficient use of energy. One of the water supply systems (SPAM) that indicates inefficiency in energy use is the SPAM Nguter. SPAM Nguter has an excess reactive power consumption between 1,936 – 2,412 kVAr. Measurement of the efficiency of the distribution pumps being operated shows that the total efficiency of the pumps is 53.95%. The sampling results of customer pressure measurements show that during minimum hours, the pressure at the farthest customer is greater than the pressure at the distribution inlet. In addition, the high water loss rate of 56.54% makes the energy consumption of the pumping system higher because some of the water supplied does not reach the customer. Based on this, there are opportunities for energy savings. Efforts are needed to improve energy efficiency by measuring energy consumption, measuring the performance efficiency of distribution pumps, and analyzing the existing condition of the distribution network in distribution network hydraulic simulation using EPANET 2.2. The energy efficiency improvement strategy studied is the addition and management of pump operations (alternative A), the installation of a variable speed drive (VSD) on distribution pumps (alternative B), the construction of an elevated reservoir (alternative C), and the placement of boosters on the distribution network (alternative D). The study shows that installing VSD (alternative B) resulted in an electricity cost savings of 43,95%. It is more significant than alternative A at 36,30%, alternative D at 33,55%, and alternative C at 21,19%. Application of alternative B can produce water savings of 19.936 m3/month, alternative D 6.460 m3/month and alternative C 5.663 m3/month. In contrast, alternative A does not produce water savings because the average zone pressure in the distribution network is higher than the existing conditions. Analysis of the financial aspect shows that alternatives A, B, and D are financially feasible to implement, while alternative C is not feasible because the BCR is less than 1. It is recommended that efforts to increase energy efficiency that can be applied are the installation of VSDs because technically and financially feasible and can generate the most significant energy saving and water savings of the other alternatives. The strategy for institutional strengthening in the energy efficiency area is to rejuvenate and develop human resources in the energy efficiency area, complete the needs for equipment in the energy efficiency area, complete Standard Operating Procedures in the energy efficiency area, and assist advisory agencies in implementing energy efficiency activities.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Efisiensi Pompa, Jaringan Distribusi Air, Pump Efficiency, Water Distribution Network, EPANET 2.2, Variable Speed Drive. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD481 Water distribution systems |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Tegar Subekti |
| Date Deposited: | 20 Jan 2023 02:33 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Jan 2023 02:33 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/95500 |
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