Analisis Risiko Pada Proses Bisnis Proyek Pembangunan Pipa Gas Dengan Pendekatan Manajemen Proyek Hibrid Di Industri Hulu Migas

Fajrin, Alvinura (2022) Analisis Risiko Pada Proses Bisnis Proyek Pembangunan Pipa Gas Dengan Pendekatan Manajemen Proyek Hibrid Di Industri Hulu Migas. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Proyek konstruksi pembangunan pipa gas dalam industri hulu migas menjadi bagian yang sangat penting dalam kegiatan pengembangan fasilitas produksi. Salah satu perusahaan migas yang mengelola WK Brantas Jawa Timur berupaya mencapai keberhasilan proyek, dengan mengembangkan proses bisnis manajemen proyek yang mengadopsi pendekatan tradisional. Proses bisnis yang ada seringkali sulit diaplikasikan karena berbagai kendala, terutama variasi yang tinggi. Perusahaan dinilai perlu merespons kendala yang ada dengan mengadopsi pendekatan manajemen proyek hibrid yang menggabungkan pendekatan tradisional, lean dan agile. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis risiko dan mengidentifikasi perbedaan karakteristik, kelebihan dan kekurangan dari pendekatan manajemen proyek tradisional dan hibrid pada proyek pembangunan pipa gas di industri hulu migas. Studi kasus yang dipilih adalah kegiatan “Jasa EPCI Underground Flowline from TGA#02/#10 to Tanggulangin Gas Plant” yang dilaksanakan tahun 2018 sampai 2019 di Jawa Timur. Penelitian dimulai dengan mengidentifikasi proses bisnis, WBS dan VSM dari proyek konstruksi pipa gas dengan pendekatan tradisional dan kondisi aktual. Kemudian disusun rencana alur bisnis manajemen proyek hibrid sebagai usulan improvement. Kemudian disusun pula RBS dan analisis risiko dengan metode FMEA. Beberapa praktisi dilibatkan melalui FGD untuk membatu review dan verifikasi analisis yang dilakukan. Berdasarkan WBS, VSM dan analisis risko menggunakan FMEA, ditemukan bahwa proses bisnis manajemen proyek tradisional sulit untuk diaplikasikan karena durasi proyek yang tidak bisa mengakomodir target yang cepat, bersifat tidak fleksibel dan proses bisnis membutuhkan persiapan yang panjang. Sebagai langkah improvement, proses bisnis manajemen proyek hibrid dengan menggunakan tools kombinasi antara manajemen proyek tradisional, agile dan lean mampu untuk menurunkan RPN inherent rata-rata dari yang sebelumnya 79,5 pada pendekatan tradisional menjadi 31,23. Hal ini dikarenakan manajemen proyek hibrid menggunakan beberapa tools yang dinilai mampu menurunkan risiko diantaranya sprint, PERT, PMIS, VSM, EVM, TQM dan tools lain yang dapat dipakai dalam pelaksanaan proyek. Perbedaan karakteristik utama dari kedua pendekatan adalah perencanaan dan budaya proyek. Kelebihan utama pendekatan hibrid adalah identifikasi cepat terhadap perubahan dan kesalahan, serta pengembangan dokumen yang singkat. Sedangkan kelemahan utamanya adalah pendekatan yang berulang tidak sesuai budaya perusahaan sehingga tim harus bekerja penuh waktu.
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Gas pipeline construction project in the upstream oil and gas industry is very important in the development of production facilities. One of the oil and gas companies which managed WK Brantas at East Java Province seeked to achieve project success, by developing business processes that adopt a traditional project management approach. The existing project business process is often found difficulties to apply due to various constraints, especially the high variation. The company is considered to responds the constraints by adopting a hybrid project management approach that combines traditional, lean and agile approaches. The objectives of the study to carry out the risk analysis and identifying differences in characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of the traditional project management approach compared to hybrid project management in gas pipeline construction projects in the oil and gas industry. The case study in this research is “Jasa EPCI Underground Flowline from TGA#02/#10 to Tanggulangin Gas Plant” that was implemented in the period 2018 to 2019 and located in East Java. The research began by identifying the business process, WBS and VSM of a gas pipeline construction project with a traditional approach and actual conditions. Then developing hybrid project management business process as a proposed improvement. Then performed RBS and risk analysis using the FMEA method. Several practitioners were involved through FGDs to assist in the review and verification of the analysis carried out. Based on WBS, VSM and risk analysis using FMEA, it was found that traditional project management business process is very difficult to implement because the project duration could not accommodate fast targets, inflexible and takes long preparation plans. As an improvement, hybrid management business process using a combination of traditional, agile and lean project management tools was able to reduce the average inherent RPN of the project become 31,23 from the previous 79.5 in the traditional approach. This is because hybrid project management uses several tools that are considered to be able to reduce risk including sprint, PERT, PMIS, VSM, EVM, TQM and other tools that can be used in project implementation. The main difference between the two approaches is the planning and work culture of the project. The main advantages of hybrid project management are fast recognition of changes and errors, and short duration of document development. While the main disadvantage is that the hybrid approach seemed does not fit into the company culture so the team has to work full time and this may require more time and budget.

Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Additional Information: RTMT 658.155 Faj a-1 2022
Uncontrolled Keywords: Manajemen Proyek Hibrid, Pendekatan Tradisional/Waterfall, Pendekatan Agile, Konstruksi Pipa Gas, Hybrid Project Management, Traditional/Waterfall Approach, Agile Approach, Gas Pipeline Construction
Subjects: H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD61 Risk Management
T Technology > T Technology (General) > T56.8 Project Management
Divisions: Interdisciplinary School of Management and Technology (SIMT) > 61101-Master of Technology Management (MMT)
Depositing User: Anis Wulandari
Date Deposited: 19 Jan 2023 08:04
Last Modified: 19 Jan 2023 08:04
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/95501

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