Zuhdi, Muhammad Waliuddin (2023) Kajian Pengelolaan Sampah dari Sumber Sampah Supermarket di Wilayah Surabaya Barat. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Salah satu sumber kontributor timbulan sampah di Indonesia adalah sampah yang berasal dari kegiatan supermarket. Pusat perniagaan memiliki dampak yang signifikan bagi timbulan sampah di Indonesia yaitu sebesar 18.3% dari total timbulan sampah di Indonesia. Adapun dua komposisi sampah yang dominan dan memiliki potensi besar dalam proses reduksi adalah sampah sisa makanan dan sampah plastik. Kedua jenis sampah tersebut sama berbahayanya terhadap lingkungan, sehingga pemerintah mengeluarkan Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan No.75 tahun 2019 untuk mengantisipasi lonjakan timbulan sampah di Indonesia. Peraturan tersebut berisi himbauan dan kewajiban mengenai pelaksanaan kegiatan 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) serta target pengurangan sampah hingga 30% di tahun 2029 kepada badan usaha. Selain itu, terdapat wacana larangan penggunaan plastik sekali pakai bagi badan usaha yang akan berlaku di tahun 2030. Pengukuran aspek teknis yaitu timbulan, komposisi, dan densitas sampah dilakukan dengan mengacu pada SNI 19-3964-1994. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada 3 supermarket di Wilayah Surabaya Barat selama masing-masing 8 hari. Data aspek teknis digunakan untuk mengetahui pengelolaan sampah supermarket dan dampak lingkungan yang terdiri dari perhitungan total water footprint dan emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK). Perhitungan emisi gas rumah kaca dilakukan berdasarkan panduan dari IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel Climate Change). Dilakukan pula wawancara dan FGD (Focus Group Discussion) kepada pihak pengelola supermarket untuk mengetahui alur pengelolaan sampah supermarket dan partisipasi supermarket dalam mewujudkan peta jalan pengurangan sampah oleh produsen. Berdasarkan pengukuran timbulan sampah supermarket menunjukkan bahwa total timbulan sampah supermarket di Wilayah Surbaya Barat mencapai 829,58 kg/hari. Komposisi sampah supermarket didominasi oleh sampah sisa makanan dengan diikuti sampah plastik, dan sampah kertas. Water footprint yang dihasilkan oleh sampah sisa makanan dapat mencapai 943 m3 per hari sedangkan emisi GRK yang dihasilkan mencapai 440,38 Ton CO2eq per tahun. Hasil wawancara dan FGD kepada pihak supermarket menunjukkan bahwa 62,5% supermarket sudah mengetahui peta jalan pengurangan sampah yang diatur dalam Permen LHK No.75 Tahun 2019. Kendala yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaan Permen LHK tersebut adalah 75% supermarket sangat bergantung pada produsen terkait penggunaan kemasan plastik sekali pakai. Lebih dari itu, sebanyak 62,5% supermarket keberatan untuk mengganti sistem penjualannya menjadi sistem curah sesuai dengan himbauan di permen LHK No.75 Tahun 2019.
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One of the contributory sources of waste generation in Indonesia is waste originating from supermarket activities. Commercial centers have a significant impact on waste generation in Indonesia, which is 18,3% of the total waste generation in Indonesia. The two compositions of waste that are dominant and have great potential in the reduction process are food waste and plastic waste. Both types of waste are equally dangerous to the environment, so the government issued Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. 75 of 2019 to anticipate a surge in waste generation in Indonesia. It contains appeals and obligations regarding the implementation of 3R activities (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) as well as the target of reducing waste by up to 30% in 2029 for business entities. In addition, there is a plan to ban the use of single-use plastic for business entities which will take effect in 2030. Measurement of technical aspects, namely waste generation, composition, and density is carried out regarding SNI 19-3964-1994. Data collection was carried out at 3 supermarkets in the West Surabaya Region for 8 days each. Data on technical aspects are used to determine supermarket waste management and environmental impact which consists of calculating the total water footprint and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. The calculation of greenhouse gas emissions is carried out based on the guidelines of the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel Climate Change). Interviews and FGD (Focus Group Discussion) were also conducted with supermarket managers to find out the flow of supermarket waste management and supermarket participation in realising the waste reduction roadmap by the producers. Based on measurements of supermarket waste generation, it shows that the total supermarket waste generation in West Surabaya Region reaches 829,58 kg/day. The composition of supermarket waste is dominated by food waste, followed by plastic waste and paper waste. The water footprint produced by food waste can reach 943 m3 per day while the resulting GHG emissions reach 440,38 Tons of CO2eq per year. The results of interviews and FGDs with supermarkets show that 62,5% of supermarkets already know the waste reduction roadmap stipulated in the Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. 75 of 2019. The obstacle faced in implementing the Minister of Environment and Forestry is that 75% of supermarkets are very dependent on producers regarding the use of packaging single-use plastic. Morover, 62,5% of supermarkets objected to shift the sales system into bulk system in accordance with Permen LHK No.75 Tahun 2019.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Flow of Waste Management, Food Waste, Greenhouse Gases, Water Footprint, Plastic Waste, Alur Pengelolaan Sampah, Gas Rumah Kaca, Sampah Plastik, Sampah Sisa Makanan, Water Footprint |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD898.8.C67 Waste disposal |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Muhammad Waliuddin Zuhdi |
| Date Deposited: | 31 Jan 2023 01:22 |
| Last Modified: | 31 Jan 2023 01:22 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/95833 |
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