Metode Life Cycle Assessment Sebagai Acuan Kinerja Proses Pengolahan Air Limbah PLTU (Studi Kasus: PT PJB Muara Karang)

Ambarita, Ria Nathalie Rotua (2023) Metode Life Cycle Assessment Sebagai Acuan Kinerja Proses Pengolahan Air Limbah PLTU (Studi Kasus: PT PJB Muara Karang). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) milik PT PJB Muara Karang merupakan salah satu pemasok listrik di wilayah DKI Jakarta dan sekitarnya. Dalam proses produksi listriknya, PLTU menghasilkan air limbah dengan karakteristik tertentu. Pada proses pengolahan limbahnya, PT PJB Muara Karang memiliki 3 buah Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL). Adapun ruang lingkup dari penelitian ini adalah WWTP 1, dimana sumber limbahnya berasal dari proses regenerasi unit demin, proses blowdown boiler, proses pencucian heater, proses cleaning boiler, air limbah laboratorium, dan air limbah domestik yang berasal dari gedung admin dan control room. Dalam proses pengolahannya, terdapat unit-unit pengolahan air limbah dengan fungsi pengolahan yang berbeda. Unit pengolahan tersebut membutuhkan mesin listrik dan pompa untuk menunjang kinerjanya dimana hal tersebut berpotensi untuk menimbulkan dampak lingkungan berupa emisi gas rumah kaca. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan adanya identifikasi dampak lingkungan pada proses pengolahan air limbah di PLTU PT PJB Muara Karang dimana metode terpilih adalah Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Metode LCA terpilih pada penelitian ini karena mampu menganalisis dampak lingkungan pada semua tahapan dalam siklus hidup suatu produk. Adapun output dari analisis ini adalah dampak lingkungan pada tiga kategori dampak, yaitu Global Warming sebesar 391,58 kg CO2 into air-eq/hari, Non-renewable Energy sebesar 77.127,38 MJ/hari, dan Aquatic Acidification sebesar 889,96 kg SO2 into air-eq/hari. Berdasarkan interpretasi data yang dilakukan, diperoleh kategori Resources yang memberikan dampak lingkungan terbesar. Dari hasil tersebut, perlu ditentukan metode perbaikan untuk mengurangi dampak lingkungan yang ada berdasarkan studi literatur yang dilakukan penulis. Adapun langkah pengurangan dampak yang dilakukan adalah dengan mengganti sumber energi tidak terbarukan dengan energi baru terbarukan. Sumber energi tersebut antara lain energi surya, energi gelombang laut, energi pasang surut air laut, energi biomassa, dan energi biogas. Pada akhirnya, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mengidentifikasi dampak lingkungan yang dihasilkan oleh proses pengolahan air limbah serta menentukan metode pengurangan dampak untuk mengurangi dampak lingkungan terbesar yang dihasilkan. Kajian LCA dan metode pengurangan dampak ini nantinya diharapkan dapat c. Dengan peningkatan kinerja lingkungan, diharapkan pihak perusahaan dapat meningkatkan citranya melalui beberapa penghargaan, seperti pada Program Penilaian Peringkat Kinerja Perusahaan dalam Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup (PROPER).
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The Steam Power Plant, owned by PJB Muara Karang Ltd., is one of the electricity suppliers in DKI Jakarta and the surrounding areas. In producing electricity, the steam power plant produces wastewater with specific characteristics. PJB Muara Karang Ltd. has three Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTP) in the waste treatment process. The scope of this research is WWTP 1, where the source of waste comes from the regeneration process of the demin unit, boiler blowdown process, the heater washing process, boiler cleaning process, laboratory wastewater, and domestic wastewater from the admin building and control room. There are wastewater treatment units with different processing functions in the processing process. The treatment unit requires electrical machinery and pumps to support its performance which have the potential to cause environmental impacts in the form of greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the environmental impact of the wastewater treatment process at PJB Muara Karang's Power Plant, where the selected method is Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The LCA method was chosen in this study because it can analyze environmental impacts at all stages in the life cycle of a product. The output of this analysis is the environmental impact on three impact categories, namely Global Warming of 391.58 kg CO2 into air-eq/day, Non- renewable Energy of 77,127.38 MJ/day, and Aquatic Acidification of 889.96 kg SO2 into air- eq/day. Based on the data interpretation, the Resources category with the most significant environmental impact is obtained. From these results, it is necessary to determine improvement measures to reduce existing environmental impacts based on literature studies conducted by the author. The impact reduction step is replacing non-renewable energy sources with new renewable energy. These energy sources include solar energy, wave energy, tidal energy, biomass energy, and biogas energy. Ultimately, this research is expected to identify the environmental impacts of the wastewater treatment process and determine impact reduction methods to reduce the most significant environmental impacts. This LCA study and impact reduction method are expected used as a consideration and additional information for PJB Muara Karang Ltd. in improving its environmental performance. With the improvement of environmental performance, it is expected that the company can improve its image through several certification programs, such as the Company Performance Rating Assessment Program in Environmental Management.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Aquatic Acidification, Global Warming, Life Cycle Assessment, Non-renewable Energy, Steam Power Plant, Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap.
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD194.6 Environmental impact analysis
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ria Nathalie Rotua Ambarita
Date Deposited:	01 Feb 2023 02:48
Last Modified:	01 Feb 2023 02:48
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/95895

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