Dinillah, Qonita (2023) Kajian Dampak Lingkungan Operasional Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (Ipal) Industri Manufaktur Otomotif Dan Penetapan Skenario Minimasi Dampak Dengan Metode Life Cycle Assessment (Lca) Dan Analytical Hierarcy Process (Ahp). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Pada perkembangan industri yang semakin tinggi, Kualitas lingkungan cenderung mengalami penurunan sehingga pada RPJM Nasional Tahun 2020-2024 terdapat agenda yaitu meningkatkan kualitas lingkungan hidup. Salah satu sektor industri yang berkembang adalah industri pembuat suku cadang kendaraan bermotor dikarenakan permintaan kendaraan pribadi yang meningkat. PT X merupakan industri manufaktur otomotif yang menyediakan produk untuk perakitan kendaraan bermotor. Sebagai bentuk tanggung jawab PT X terhadap pengelolaan lingkungan, PT X menyediakan fasilitas pengolahan air limbah industri. Namun, Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) termasuk suatu kegiatan yang menghasilkan emisi yang berasal dari operasional pengolahan, seperti penggunaan listrik yang dapat menghasilkanemisi, seperti gas karbon dioksida (CO2), metana (CH4), dan dinitrogen oksida (N2O), yang mampu memberikan dampak negatif ke lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan kajian terkait dampak lingkungan yang ditimbulkan pada operasional IPAL PT X dengan metode Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). LCA adalah salah satu metode yang dapat mengkaji secara detail mengenai dampak lingkungan yang dihasilkan suatu produk selama masa daur hidupnya sehingga dapat diketahui upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengelola dampak lingkungan. Batasan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah gate to gate, yaitu mengkaji dampak lingkungan spesifik pada suatu tahapan proses tertentu, yakni pada proses pengolahan pre-treatment secara fisik-kimia. Hal tersebut karena PT X terletak dalam kawasan industri sehingga air hasil olah dari pre-treatment IPAL PT X akan dialirkan ke pihak ketiga, yaitu IPAL pusat kawasan industri MM2100. Kemudian, metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis skenario minimasi dampak lingkungan menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarcy Process (AHP). Hasil dari identifikasi dampak lingkungan dengan metode LCA adalah kontribusi emisi terhadap dampak respiratory inorganics sebesar 2,5 kgPM2,5, konstan per variasi data, yang bersumber dari penggunaan bahan kimia (PAC). Selain itu, kontribusi emisi terhadap dampak global warming pada variasi data berturut-turut sebesar 3888,702 kgCO2-eq, 3909,93 kgCO2-eq 3887,07 kgCO2-eq, dan 3917,484 kgCO2-eq dalam hitungan satu bulan. Emisi tersebut bersumber dari penggunaan energi listrik, proses degradasi air limbah (COD), dan penggunaan bahan kimia PAC (PAC). Melalui metode AHP didapatkan skenario terbaik, yaitu subtitusi energi listrik dengan solar panel UV karena memiliki bobot skenario tertinggi yakni 50%. Sementara, bobot skenario penambahan Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) sebesar 33%, dan skenario pengolahan pada volume optimum sebesar 17%. Penentuan Skenario minimasi dampak lingkungan melalui pertimbangan kriteria potensi realisasi, kelayakan finansial, dan kinerja terhadap dampak lingkungan
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In the increasingly high development of industry, the quality of the environment tends to decrease so that the RPJM National 2020-2024 has an agenda, namely to improve the quality of the environment. One of the developing industrial sectors is the automotive parts manufacturing industry due to the increasing demand for private vehicles. PT X is an automotive manufacturing industry that provides products for assembling motor vehicles. As a form of PT X's responsibility for environmental management, PT X provides industrial wastewater treatment facilities. However, the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) includes an activity that generates emissions from processing operations, such as the use of electricity which can produce emissions, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and Nitrogen Oxide (N2O) gases, which can have a negative impact on the environment. Therefore, a study was carried out regarding the environmental impact caused by PT X's WWTP operations using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. LCA is a method that can examine in detail the environmental impacts produced by a product during its life cycle so that efforts can be made to manage environmental impacts. The limitation used in this study is gate to gate, which examines specific environmental impacts at a certain process stage, namely in the physical-chemical pre-treatment process at. This is because PT X is located in an industrial area so that the processed water from PT X's WWTP pre-treatment will be channeled to a third party, namely the central IPAL of the MM2100 industrial area. Then, the method used to analyze environmental impact minimization scenarios uses the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The result of identifying environmental impacts using the LCA method is the emission contribution to the impact of respiratory inorganics of 2.5 kg PM2.5, constant per data variation, originating from the use of chemicals (PAC). In addition, the contribution of emissions to the impact of global warming on data variations is 3888.702 kgCO2-eq, 3909.93 kgCO2-eq, 3887.07 kgCO2-eq and 3917.484 kgCO2-eq in one month. These emissions come from the use of electrical energy, the waste water degradation process (COD), and the use of PAC chemicals (PAC). Through the AHP method, the best scenario is obtained, namely the substitution of electrical energy with UV solar panels because it has the highest scenario weight of 50%. Meanwhile, the weight of the additional Green Open Space (RTH) scenario is 33%, and the scenario for processing at the optimum volume is 17%. Scenario determination of minimizing environmental impacts by considering criteria for potential realization, financial feasibility, andperformance on environmental impacts
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Dampak Lingkungan, Environmental Impact, IPAL, Life Cycle Assessment, Minimasi, Minimization, Operasional, Operations, WWTP's |
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD28 Management. Industrial Management H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD61 Risk Management T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Qonita Dinillah |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Feb 2023 00:57 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Feb 2023 00:57 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/95919 |
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