Produksi Senyawa Alkohol Dari Konversi Katalitik Gliserol

Idzati, Eka Maulana (2023) Produksi Senyawa Alkohol Dari Konversi Katalitik Gliserol. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Perkembangan produksi biodiesel yang pesat di Indonesia meningkatkan ketersediaan produk samping gliserol. Peningkatan produksi biodiesel menghasilkan pula senyawa gliserol sebagai produk samping. Setiap 9 kg biodiesel dihasilkan gliserol sebanyak 1 kg. Akibatnya, stok gliserol menjadi melimpah dan nilai pasarnya menurun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan nilai pasar gliserol dengan mengubahnya menjadi mono-alkohol, khususnya etanol. Sebagaimana diketahui gliserol memiliki potensi untuk dikonversi menjadi senyawa intermediet ataupun senyawa akhir dengan nilai pasar yang tinggi. Untuk mengatasi masalah diatas banyak pekerjaan telah dilakukan seperti hidrogenolisis gliserol menjadi 1,3- dan 1,2-PDO, serta oksidasi gliserol menjadi asam gliserat atau dihydroxyacetone. Namun, rute reaksi untuk mengkonversinya menjadi alkohol, seperti 1-propanol dan etanol, tidak terlalu banyak dipelajari. Pada percobaan kali ini konversi katalitik telah dilakukan dengan menguji beberapa kinerja katalis berbasis nikel pada transformasi gliserol. Katalis dipersiapkan dengan mengimpregnasi perkusor logam garam nikel pada karbon aktif, alumina, silika, Magnesium oxide. Dilakukan analisa XRD, SEM-EDX, dan BET untuk masing masing katalis yang telah dibuat dimana hasil analisa XRD menunjukan nilai difraktogram Ni pada masing masing katalis yang dibuat. Untuk analisa SEM-EDX didapatkan hasil bahwa logam Ni yang terimpregnasi ke dalam masing masing support katalis memiliki konsentrasi sebanyak 10%. Dimana Hasil analisa BET menunjukkan nilai dari luas permukaan katalis. Reaksi hidrogenolisis dipilih sebagai reaksi utama. Reaksi berjalan dengan tekanan 20 bar, suhu operasi 150-250 C dan loading katalis 5 dan 20%. Berdasarkan hasil analisa performa katalis, konversi yang tertinggi dicapai dengan menggunakan katalis Ni/MgO pada suhu 200 C dan loading katalis 5%, dimana konversi yang dicapai sebesar 81%. Yield etanol yang didapat paling tinggi saat proses dijalankan menggunakan katalis Ni/y-Alumina pada suhu 200 C dan loading katalis 20% , dimana yield etano yang didapat sebesar 4,8%. Energi aktivasi yang didapatkan saat proses dijalankan menggunakan katalis Ni/y-Alumina dengan loading katalis 20% sebesar 11598,03 J/mol.
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The rapid development of biodiesel production in Indonesia has increased the availability of glycerol as a by-product. The increase in biodiesel production also produces glycerol compounds as a by-product. For every 9 kg of biodiesel, 1 kg of glycerol is produced. As a result, the stock of glycerol becomes abundant and its market value decreases. This study aims to increase the market value of glycerol by converting it into mono-alcohols, especially ethanol. As is known, glycerol has the potential to be converted into intermediate compounds or final compounds with high market value. To overcome the above problems, a lot of work has been done, such as hydrogenolysis of glycerol to 1,3- and 1,2-PDO, and oxidation of glycerol to glyceric acid or dihydroxyacetone. However, the reaction routes to convert them to alcohols, such as 1-propanol and ethanol, are not well studied. In this experiment, catalytic conversion has been carried out by testing the performance of several nickel-based catalysts in the transformation of glycerol. The catalyst was prepared by impregnating nickel salt metal precursors on activated carbon, alumina, silica, magnesium oxide. XRD, SEM-EDX, and BET analysis was carried out for each of the catalysts that had been made where the results of the XRD analysis showed the value of the Ni diffractogram for each of the catalysts that had been made. For SEM-EDX analysis, it was found that the impregnated Ni metal into each catalyst support had a concentration of 10%. Where the BET analysis results show the value of the surface area of ​​the catalyst. The hydrogenolysis reaction was chosen as the main reaction. The reaction was carried out at a pressure of 20 bar, an operating temperature of 150-250 C and a catalyst loading of 5 and 20%. Based on the results of catalyst performance analysis, the highest conversion was achieved by using a Ni/MgO catalyst at 200 C and a catalyst loading of 5%, where the conversion achieved was 81%. The highest ethanol yield was obtained when the process was run using Ni/y-Alumina catalyst at 200 C and 20% catalyst loading, where the ethanol yield obtained was 4.8%. The activation energy obtained when the process is run using a Ni/y-Alumina catalyst with a 20% catalyst loading of 11598.03 J/mol.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Glycerol,Catalyst,Hydrogenolysis,Gliserol,Katalis,Hidrogenolisis.
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD501 Catalysis. Catalysts.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Eka Maulana Idzati
Date Deposited:	09 Feb 2023 13:23
Last Modified:	09 Feb 2023 13:23
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/96615

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